Trends in Protein-Based Biosensor Assemblies for Drug Screening and Pharmaceutical Kinetic Studies

Gonçalves, Ana M.; Pedro, Augusto Q.; Santos, Fátima M.; Martins, Luís M.; Maia, Cláudio J.; Queiroz, João A.; Passarinha, Luís A.

doi:10.3390/molecules190812461

Open AccessReview

Trends in Protein-Based Biosensor Assemblies for Drug Screening and Pharmaceutical Kinetic Studies

by

Ana M. Gonçalves

^†,

Augusto Q. Pedro

^†,

Fátima M. Santos

^†

,

Luís M. Martins

,

Cláudio J. Maia

,

João A. Queiroz

and

Luís A. Passarinha

^*

CICS-UBI Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-506 Covilhã, Portugal

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Molecules 2014, 19(8), 12461-12485; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190812461

Submission received: 28 May 2014 / Revised: 2 August 2014 / Accepted: 5 August 2014 / Published: 18 August 2014

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Enzyme Immobilization)

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Abstract

The selection of natural and chemical compounds for potential applications in new pharmaceutical formulations constitutes a time-consuming procedure in drug screening. To overcome this issue, new devices called biosensors, have already demonstrated their versatility and capacity for routine clinical diagnosis. Designed to perform analytical analysis for the detection of a particular analyte, biosensors based on the coupling of proteins to amperometric and optical devices have shown the appropriate selectivity, sensibility and accuracy. During the last years, the exponential demand for pharmacokinetic studies in the early phases of drug development, along with the need of lower molecular weight detection, have led to new biosensor structure materials with innovative immobilization strategies. The result has been the development of smaller, more reproducible biosensors with lower detection limits, and with a drastic reduction in the required sample volumes. Therefore in order to describe the main achievements in biosensor fields, the present review has the main aim of summarizing the essential strategies used to generate these specific devices, that can provide, under physiological conditions, a credible molecule profile and assess specific pharmacokinetic parameters.

Keywords: biosensor; pharmacokinetics; enzymes; antibodies; plasma proteins; nano-composites

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gonçalves, A.M.; Pedro, A.Q.; Santos, F.M.; Martins, L.M.; Maia, C.J.; Queiroz, J.A.; Passarinha, L.A. Trends in Protein-Based Biosensor Assemblies for Drug Screening and Pharmaceutical Kinetic Studies. Molecules 2014, 19, 12461-12485. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190812461

AMA Style

Gonçalves AM, Pedro AQ, Santos FM, Martins LM, Maia CJ, Queiroz JA, Passarinha LA. Trends in Protein-Based Biosensor Assemblies for Drug Screening and Pharmaceutical Kinetic Studies. Molecules. 2014; 19(8):12461-12485. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190812461

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gonçalves, Ana M., Augusto Q. Pedro, Fátima M. Santos, Luís M. Martins, Cláudio J. Maia, João A. Queiroz, and Luís A. Passarinha. 2014. "Trends in Protein-Based Biosensor Assemblies for Drug Screening and Pharmaceutical Kinetic Studies" Molecules 19, no. 8: 12461-12485. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190812461

APA Style

Gonçalves, A. M., Pedro, A. Q., Santos, F. M., Martins, L. M., Maia, C. J., Queiroz, J. A., & Passarinha, L. A. (2014). Trends in Protein-Based Biosensor Assemblies for Drug Screening and Pharmaceutical Kinetic Studies. Molecules, 19(8), 12461-12485. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules190812461

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Trends in Protein-Based Biosensor Assemblies for Drug Screening and Pharmaceutical Kinetic Studies

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