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Keywords = wettability amelioration

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11 pages, 2652 KiB  
Article
Thermal Resistance Enhancement and Wettability Amelioration of Poly(benzimidazole-aramid) Film by Silica Nanocomposites
by Jiabei Zhou, Xianzhu Zhong, Kenji Takada, Masayuki Yamaguchi and Tatsuo Kaneko
Polymers 2024, 16(24), 3563; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16243563 - 20 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1031
Abstract
Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is a high-performance polymer known for its excellent thermal stability, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance, attributes that are derived from its unique structure comprising repeated benzene and imidazole rings. However, limitations such as relatively low thermal stability and moisture sensitivity restrict [...] Read more.
Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is a high-performance polymer known for its excellent thermal stability, mechanical strength, and chemical resistance, attributes that are derived from its unique structure comprising repeated benzene and imidazole rings. However, limitations such as relatively low thermal stability and moisture sensitivity restrict its application as a super engineering plastic. In this study, amide groups are incorporated into the PBI backbone to synthesize the copolymer poly(BI-co-A), effecting a structural modification at the molecular level. Additionally, silica nanospheres were composited into the poly(BI-co-A) film to further enhance its thermal performance. The resulting composite films exhibited remarkable thermal stability, with the temperature for 10% weight loss reaching as high as 761 °C. To address increased water absorption due to the high hydrophilicity of hydroxyl groups on the silica nanospheres’ surface, a dehydration treatment was applied in an electric furnace. This treatment produced a highly thermoresistant poly(BI-co-A) nanocomposite film with reduced wettability, making it suitable for applications in humid environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in High-Performance Polymer Materials)
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14 pages, 4658 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Influences of BaO Amount on the Wettability and Mechanical Behavior of Vitrified Bond Diamond Composites
by Bingjian Guo, Haifeng Kuang, Xiaopan Liu, Hongyi Jiang, Rong Tu, Meijun Yang and Song Zhang
Materials 2024, 17(2), 339; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17020339 - 10 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1249
Abstract
In recent years, the vitrified bond diamond grinding wheel has been applied widely in automotive, aerospace and machine tools of manufacturing industries. However, the main problems of low intensity and poor wettability between the vitrified bond and diamond abrasive limit its further application. [...] Read more.
In recent years, the vitrified bond diamond grinding wheel has been applied widely in automotive, aerospace and machine tools of manufacturing industries. However, the main problems of low intensity and poor wettability between the vitrified bond and diamond abrasive limit its further application. In this study, BaO was added into the basic SiO2–B2O3–Al2O3–R2O vitrified bond system, and the impact of BaO on the wettability, thermal and mechanical behavior of vitrified bond and vitrified bond diamond composites was systematically discussed, respectively. The test indicated that when the vitrified bond containing BaO of 6 wt.% was sintered with diamond abrasive at 750 °C, a continuous barium feldspar phase transition layer between diamond abrasive and the bond was generated, which ameliorated the wet property of the bond–diamond abrasive. The contact angle varied from 59° on the blank sample to 35°, and the expansion coefficient changed from 6.24 × 10−6/K to 5.30 × 10−6/K. The Rockwell hardness and flexural strength of the vitrified bond diamond composites achieved the peaks of 117.5 MPa and 113.6 MPa, respectively, which increased by 20.2% and 16.5% compared with that of sample without the addition of BaO. Full article
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17 pages, 6542 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGFs) Behavior on Innovative Laser Colored Titanium Surfaces
by Susi Zara, Giulia Fioravanti, Angelo Ciuffreda, Ciro Annicchiarico, Raimondo Quaresima and Filiberto Mastrangelo
Materials 2023, 16(13), 4530; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16134530 - 22 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1717
Abstract
The use of ytterbium laser to obtain colored titanium surfaces is a suitable strategy to improve the aesthetic soft tissue results and reduce implant failures in oral rehabilitation. To investigate the relationship between novel laser-colored surfaces and peri-implant soft tissues, Human Gingival Fibroblasts [...] Read more.
The use of ytterbium laser to obtain colored titanium surfaces is a suitable strategy to improve the aesthetic soft tissue results and reduce implant failures in oral rehabilitation. To investigate the relationship between novel laser-colored surfaces and peri-implant soft tissues, Human Gingival Fibroblasts (HGFs) were cultured onto 12 colored titanium grade 1 light fuchsia, dark fuchsia, light gold, and dark gold disks and their viability (MTT Assay), cytotoxicity (lactate dehydrogenase release), and collagen I secretion were compared to the machined surface used as control. Optical and electronic microscopies showed a HGF growth directly correlated to the roughness and wettability of the colored surfaces. A higher viability percentage on dark fuchsia (125%) light gold (122%), and dark gold (119%) samples with respect to the machined surface (100%) was recorded. All specimens showed a statistically significant reduction of LDH release compared to the machined surface. Additionally, a higher collagen type I secretion, responsible for an improved adhesion process, in light fuchsia (3.95 μg/mL) and dark gold (3.61 μg/mL) compared to the machined surface (3.59 μg) was recorded. The in vitro results confirmed the innovative physical titanium improvements due to laser treatment and represent interesting perspectives of innovation in order to ameliorate aesthetic dental implant performance and to obtain more predictable osteo and perio-osteointegration long term implant prognosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Materials for Oral Application (Volume II))
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13 pages, 3383 KiB  
Article
Nitrogen-Doped Core-Shell Mesoporous Carbonaceous Nanospheres for Effective Removal of Fluorine in Capacitive Deionization
by Yubo Zhao, Kexun Li, Bangsong Sheng, Feiyong Chen and Yang Song
Water 2023, 15(3), 608; https://doi.org/10.3390/w15030608 - 3 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2755
Abstract
Fluorine pollution of wastewater is a global environmental problem. Capacitive deionization has unique advantages in the defluorination of fluorine-containing wastewater; however, the low electrosorption capacity significantly restricts its further development. To overcome this limitation, nitrogen-doped core-shell mesoporous carbonaceous nanospheres (NMCS) were developed in [...] Read more.
Fluorine pollution of wastewater is a global environmental problem. Capacitive deionization has unique advantages in the defluorination of fluorine-containing wastewater; however, the low electrosorption capacity significantly restricts its further development. To overcome this limitation, nitrogen-doped core-shell mesoporous carbonaceous nanospheres (NMCS) were developed in this study based on structural optimization and polarity enhancement engineering. The maximal electrosorption capacity of NMCS for fluorine reached 13.34 mg g−1, which was 24% higher than that of the undoped counterpart. NMCS also indicated excellent repeatability evidenced by little decrease of electrosorption capacity after 10 adsorption-regeneration cycles. According to material and electrochemical measurements, the doping of nitrogen into NMCS resulted in the improvement of physicochemical properties such as conductivity and wettability, the amelioration of pore structure and the transformation of morphology from yolk-shell to core-shell structure. It not only facilitated ion transportation but also improved the available adsorption sites, and thus led to enhancement of the defluorination performance of NMCS. The above results demonstrated that NMCS would be an excellent electrode material for high-capacity defluorination in CDI systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adsorption Technology for Water and Wastewater Treatments)
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12 pages, 4812 KiB  
Article
Ameliorating the Mechanical Parameters, Thermal Stability, and Wettability of Acrylic Polymer by Cement Filling for High-Efficiency Waterproofing
by Alaa M. Abd-Elnaiem, Seenaa I. Hussein, Nadia A. Ali, Ahmad Hakamy and Abdelazim M. Mebed
Polymers 2022, 14(21), 4671; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14214671 - 2 Nov 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2766
Abstract
Acrylic polymer/cement nanocomposites in dark and light colors have been developed for coating floors and swimming pools. This work aims to emphasize the effect of cement filling on the mechanical parameters, thermal stability, and wettability of acrylic polymer. The preparation was carried out [...] Read more.
Acrylic polymer/cement nanocomposites in dark and light colors have been developed for coating floors and swimming pools. This work aims to emphasize the effect of cement filling on the mechanical parameters, thermal stability, and wettability of acrylic polymer. The preparation was carried out using the casting method from acrylic polymer coating solution, which was added to cement nanoparticles (65 nm) with weight concentrations of (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 wt%) to achieve high-quality specifications and good adhesion. Maximum impact strength and Hardness shore A were observed at cement ratios of 2 wt% and 4 wt%, respectively. Changing the filling ratio has a significant effect on the strain of the nanocomposites. The contact angle was increased as the concentration of additives and cement increased, indicating that the synthesized coating is not hydrophilic and does not allow water permeability through it. The results show that the acrylic polymer/cement with a cement ratio of 8 wt% is the best nanocomposite for high-efficiency waterproofing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Polymer Analysis and Characterization)
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49 pages, 8498 KiB  
Review
Recent Advances in the Critical Heat Flux Amelioration of Pool Boiling Surfaces Using Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Deposition
by Hesam Moghadasi, Navid Malekian, Hamid Saffari, Amir Mirza Gheitaghy and Guo Qi Zhang
Energies 2020, 13(15), 4026; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13154026 - 4 Aug 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 7185
Abstract
Pool boiling is an effective heat transfer process in a wide range of applications related to energy conversion, including power generation, solar collectors, cooling systems, refrigeration and air conditioning. By considering the broad range of applications, any improvement in higher heat-removal yield can [...] Read more.
Pool boiling is an effective heat transfer process in a wide range of applications related to energy conversion, including power generation, solar collectors, cooling systems, refrigeration and air conditioning. By considering the broad range of applications, any improvement in higher heat-removal yield can ameliorate the ultimate heat usage and delay or even avoid the occurrence of system failures, thus leading to remarkable economic, environmental and energy efficiency outcomes. A century of research on ameliorating critical heat flux (CHF) has focused on altering the boiling surface characteristics, such as its nucleation site density, wettability, wickability and heat transfer area, by many innovative techniques. Due to the remarkable interest of using nanoparticle deposition on boiling surfaces, this review is targeted towards investigating whether or not metal oxide nanoparticles can modify surface characteristics to enhance the CHF. The influence of nanoparticle material, thermo-physical properties, concentration, shape, and size are categorized, and the inconsistency or contradictions of the existing research results are recognized. In the following, nanoparticle deposition methods are presented to provide a worthwhile alternative to deposition rather than nanofluid boiling. Furthermore, possible mechanisms and models are identified to explain the amelioration results. Finally, the present status of nanoparticle deposition for CHF amelioration, along with their future challenges, amelioration potentials, limitations, and their possible industrial implementation, is discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Advances in Heat Transfer Enhancement)
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11 pages, 3478 KiB  
Article
Infrared Brazed Joints of Ti50Ni50 Shape Memory Alloy and Ti-15-3 Alloy Using Two Ag-Based Fillers
by Chieh Lin, Ren-Kae Shiue, Shyi-Kaan Wu and Tsung-En Yang
Materials 2019, 12(10), 1603; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12101603 - 16 May 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2352
Abstract
The wettability, microstructures, and bonding strength of infrared brazing Ti-15-3 and Ti50Ni50 shape memory alloy using 72Ag-28Cu (wt.%) and 68.8Ag-26.7Cu-4.5Ti (wt.%) filler metals have been investigated. Only Ticusil® active braze readily wets both Ti50Ni50 and Ti-15-3 [...] Read more.
The wettability, microstructures, and bonding strength of infrared brazing Ti-15-3 and Ti50Ni50 shape memory alloy using 72Ag-28Cu (wt.%) and 68.8Ag-26.7Cu-4.5Ti (wt.%) filler metals have been investigated. Only Ticusil® active braze readily wets both Ti50Ni50 and Ti-15-3 substrates. Wetting of eutectic 72Ag-28Cu melt on Ti50Ni50 base metal is greatly ameliorated by adding 4.5 wt.% Ti into the alloy. The brazed Ti-15-3/BAg-8/Ti50Ni50 joint consists of Cu-Ti intermetallics in the Ag-rich matrix. The formation of interfacial Cu(Ti,V) and (CuxNi1−x)2Ti intermetallics next to Ti-15-3 and Ti50Ni50 substrates, respectively, is attributed to the wetting of both substrates. The brazed Ti-15-3/Ticusil®/Ti50Ni50 joint shows a vigorous reaction, which results in the formation of a large amount of Ti2Ni intermetallics in the joint. The maximum joint strengths using BAg-8 and Ticusil® filler metals are 197 MPa and 230 MPa, respectively. Full article
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16 pages, 7411 KiB  
Article
Surface Sizing Treated MWCNTs and Its Effect on the Wettability, Interfacial Interaction and Flexural Properties of MWCNT/Epoxy Nanocomposites
by Qingjie Zhang, Xinfu Zhao, Gang Sui and Xiaoping Yang
Nanomaterials 2018, 8(9), 680; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8090680 - 31 Aug 2018
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3811
Abstract
A surface-sizing technique was offered to take full advantage of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and epoxy resins. Two surface-sizing treated MWCNTs were obtained through a ball-milling treatment of amino-functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNT-NH2) with n-butyl glycidylether (BuGE) and benzyl glycidylether (BeGE). These [...] Read more.
A surface-sizing technique was offered to take full advantage of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and epoxy resins. Two surface-sizing treated MWCNTs were obtained through a ball-milling treatment of amino-functionalized MWCNTs (MWCNT-NH2) with n-butyl glycidylether (BuGE) and benzyl glycidylether (BeGE). These were referred to as MWCNT-BuGE and MWCNT-BeGE. The results indicated that the surface sizing effectively enhanced wettability, dispersibility of MWCNTs in the epoxy resin. These ameliorating effects, along with improved interfacial interaction between MWCNT-BeGE containing benzene rings and the epoxy matrix, which can offer a more efficient local load-transfer from matrix to MWCNTs, as observed by a higher G-band shift in Raman spectrum under bending loads than that of MWCNT-BuGE reinforced ones. Correspondingly, MWCNT-BeGE/epoxy nanocomposites exhibited increasing flexural strength and modulus of 22.9% and 37.8% respectively compared with the neat epoxy, and 7.3% and 7.7% respectively compared with MWCNT-BuGE/epoxy nanocomposites with the same MWCNT content. Full article
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