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Keywords = wMelCS

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25 pages, 3645 KiB  
Article
Drosophila melanogaster Transcriptome Response to Different Wolbachia Strains
by Nataly E. Gruntenko, Maksim A. Deryuzhenko, Olga V. Andreenkova, Olga D. Shishkina, Margarita A. Bobrovskikh, Natalja V. Shatskaya and Gennady V. Vasiliev
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(24), 17411; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417411 - 12 Dec 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1740
Abstract
Wolbachia is a maternally inherited, intercellular bacterial symbiont of insects and some other invertebrates. Here, we investigated the effect of two different Wolbachia strains, differing in a large chromosomal inversion, on the differential expression of genes in D. melanogaster females. We revealed significant [...] Read more.
Wolbachia is a maternally inherited, intercellular bacterial symbiont of insects and some other invertebrates. Here, we investigated the effect of two different Wolbachia strains, differing in a large chromosomal inversion, on the differential expression of genes in D. melanogaster females. We revealed significant changes in the transcriptome of the infected flies compared to the uninfected ones, as well as in the transcriptome of flies infected with the Wolbachia strain, wMelPlus, compared to flies infected with the wMelCS112 strain. We linked differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from two pairwise comparisons, “uninfected—wMelPlus-infected” and “uninfected—wMelCS112-infected”, into two gene networks, in which the following functional groups were designated: “Proteolysis”, “Carbohydrate transport and metabolism”, “Oxidation–reduction process”, “Embryogenesis”, “Transmembrane transport”, “Response to stress” and “Alkaline phosphatases”. Our data emphasized similarities and differences between infections by different strains under study: a wMelPlus infection results in more than double the number of upregulated DEGs and half the number of downregulated DEGs compared to a wMelCS112 infection. Thus, we demonstrated that Wolbachia made a significant contribution to differential expression of host genes and that the bacterial genotype plays a vital role in establishing the character of this contribution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transcriptomics in the Study of Insect Biology)
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13 pages, 1327 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Genotype Combinations of Wolbachia and Its Drosophila melanogaster Host on Fertility, Developmental Rate and Heat Stress Resistance of Flies
by Natalya V. Adonyeva, Vadim M. Efimov and Nataly E. Gruntenko
Insects 2023, 14(12), 928; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14120928 - 5 Dec 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1898
Abstract
The best-known effect of the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia is its mostly negative influence on the reproduction of the host. However, there is evidence of a positive influence of Wolbachia on the host’s resistance to stress, pathogens, and viruses. Here, we analyzed the effects [...] Read more.
The best-known effect of the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia is its mostly negative influence on the reproduction of the host. However, there is evidence of a positive influence of Wolbachia on the host’s resistance to stress, pathogens, and viruses. Here, we analyzed the effects of two Wolbachia strains belonging to wMel and wMelCS genotypes on D. melanogaster traits, such as fertility, survival under acute heat stress, and developmental rate. We found that D. melanogaster lines under study differ significantly in the above-mentioned characteristics, both when the natural infection was preserved, and when it was eliminated. One of Wolbachia strains, wMel, did not affect any of the studied traits. Another strain, wMelPlus, had a significant effect on the development time. Moreover, this effect is observed not only in the line in which it was discovered but also in the one it was transferred to. When transferred to a new line, wMelPlus also caused changes in survival under heat stress. Thus, it could be concluded that Wolbachia–Drosophila interaction depends on the genotypes of both the host and the symbiont, but some Wolbachia effects could depend not on the genotypes, but on the fact of recent transfer of the symbiont. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fly Biology, Ecology, Behavior and Management)
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13 pages, 3010 KiB  
Article
Wolbachia Effect on Drosophila melanogaster Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism
by Evgenia K. Karpova, Margarita A. Bobrovskikh, Maksim A. Deryuzhenko, Olga D. Shishkina and Nataly E. Gruntenko
Insects 2023, 14(4), 357; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14040357 - 3 Apr 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2878
Abstract
The effect of maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia on triglyceride and carbohydrate metabolism, starvation resistance and feeding behavior of Drosophila melanogaster females was studied. Eight D. melanogaster lines of the same nuclear background were investigated; one had no infection and served as the [...] Read more.
The effect of maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia on triglyceride and carbohydrate metabolism, starvation resistance and feeding behavior of Drosophila melanogaster females was studied. Eight D. melanogaster lines of the same nuclear background were investigated; one had no infection and served as the control, and seven others were infected with different Wolbachia strains pertaining to wMel and wMelCS groups of genotypes. Most of the infected lines had a higher overall lipid content and triglyceride level than the control line and their expression of the bmm gene regulating triglyceride catabolism was reduced. The glucose content was higher in the infected lines compared to that in the control, while their trehalose levels were similar. It was also found that the Wolbachia infection reduced the level of tps1 gene expression (coding for enzyme for trehalose synthesis from glucose) and had no effect on treh gene expression (coding for trehalose degradation enzyme). The infected lines exhibited lower appetite but higher survival under starvation compared to the control. The data obtained may indicate that Wolbachia foster their hosts’ energy exchange through increasing its lipid storage and glucose content to ensure the host’s competitive advantage over uninfected individuals. The scheme of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism regulation under Wolbachia’s influence was suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Hormones, Metabolism, Immunity and Development)
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15 pages, 1406 KiB  
Article
New Wolbachia pipientis Genotype Increasing Heat Stress Resistance of Drosophila melanogaster Host Is Characterized by a Large Chromosomal Inversion
by Aleksandra E. Korenskaia, Olga D. Shishkina, Alexandra I. Klimenko, Olga V. Andreenkova, Margarita A. Bobrovskikh, Natalja V. Shatskaya, Gennady V. Vasiliev and Nataly E. Gruntenko
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(24), 16212; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232416212 - 19 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2566
Abstract
The maternally transmitted endocellular bacteria Wolbachia is a well-known symbiont of insects, demonstrating both negative and positive effects on host fitness. The previously found Wolbachia strain wMelPlus is characterized by a positive effect on the stress-resistance of its host Drosophila melanogaster, under [...] Read more.
The maternally transmitted endocellular bacteria Wolbachia is a well-known symbiont of insects, demonstrating both negative and positive effects on host fitness. The previously found Wolbachia strain wMelPlus is characterized by a positive effect on the stress-resistance of its host Drosophila melanogaster, under heat stress conditions. This investigation is dedicated to studying the genomic underpinnings of such an effect. We sequenced two closely related Wolbachia strains, wMelPlus and wMelCS112, assembled their complete genomes, and performed comparative genomic analysis engaging available Wolbachia genomes from the wMel and wMelCS groups. Despite the two strains under study sharing very close gene-composition, we discovered a large (>1/6 of total genome) chromosomal inversion in wMelPlus, spanning through the region that includes the area of the inversion earlier found in the wMel group of Wolbachia genotypes. A number of genes in unique inversion blocks of wMelPlus were identified that might be involved in the induction of a stress-resistant phenotype in the host. We hypothesize that such an inversion could rearrange established genetic regulatory-networks, causing the observed effects of such a complex fly phenotype as a modulation of heat stress resistance. Based on our findings, we propose that wMelPlus be distinguished as a separate genotype of the wMelCS group, named wMelCS3. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host-Microbe Interaction 2022)
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