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Keywords = submerged gas blowing

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16 pages, 5797 KiB  
Article
Numerical Analysis of Slag–Steel–Air Four-Phase Flow in Steel Continuous Casting Model Using CFD-DBM-VOF Model
by Weidong Yang, Pan He, Luyuan Chang, Tianshui Li, Xiaotian Bai, Zhiguo Luo, Nannan Zhao and Qingkuan Liu
Metals 2023, 13(12), 1943; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13121943 - 27 Nov 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1624
Abstract
Argon injection is usually applied in the continuous casting mold to prevent submerged entry nozzle (SEN) clogging. However, the stability of the slag–steel interface is affected by the injected gas, even leading to the formation of the slag eye. A computational fluid dynamics–discrete [...] Read more.
Argon injection is usually applied in the continuous casting mold to prevent submerged entry nozzle (SEN) clogging. However, the stability of the slag–steel interface is affected by the injected gas, even leading to the formation of the slag eye. A computational fluid dynamics–discrete bubble model–volume of fluid (CFD-DBM-VOF) model is established to predict the argon–slag–steel–air four-phase flow in the continuous casting mold. The bubble behavior is treated with the Lagrangian approach considering bubble coalescence and breakup. The movement behavior of the slag–steel interface is analyzed with and without argon blowing, validated with the water model. The results show that the large bubble tends to float up into the slag–steel interface near the SEN with argon injection, resulting in fluctuations in the slag–steel interface near the SEN. The bubble distribution, flow field, fluctuation height of the slag–steel interface and configuration of the slag eye in the mold are analyzed. Furthermore, the effect on the casting speed, gas flow rate and thickness of the slag layer is obtained based on the result. The mathematical prediction results showcase a combination of well-established phenomena and newly generated predictions. Full article
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17 pages, 11303 KiB  
Article
Study on Multiphase Flow in a Wide-Width Continuous Casting Mold
by Lei Ren, Wenxiang Liu, Haitao Ling and Jichun Yang
Processes 2022, 10(7), 1269; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10071269 - 27 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1851
Abstract
The multiphase flow in the mold has a significant impact on the surface quality of the slab. In this paper, the multiphase flow in the mold is studied by establishing a one-quarter scale water mold, with the aid of a high-speed camera and [...] Read more.
The multiphase flow in the mold has a significant impact on the surface quality of the slab. In this paper, the multiphase flow in the mold is studied by establishing a one-quarter scale water mold, with the aid of a high-speed camera and particle image velocimetry (PIV). The oil phase will make the liquid surface velocity around the nozzle smaller. The greater the viscosity of the oil, the greater the critical water model casting speed and the shallower the critical immersion depth of submerged entry nozzle (SEN). Blowing will enhance the turbulence of the flow field in the mold and have a suppressing effect on the surface velocity. However, the vertical velocity of the narrow surface does not change significantly. The randomness of the bubble entering the mold from the nozzle can easily cause asymmetry of the instantaneous flow. The number of bubbles with a diameter less than 1 mm increase with the increase in gas flow rate. The larger the bubble size, the more buoyant around the nozzle when it escapes. The larger the diameter of bubble, the closer the vortex center of the upper circulation is to the nozzle and the closer the center of the lower circulation is to the narrow surface. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High-Efficiency and High-Quality Continuous Casting Processes)
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19 pages, 3796 KiB  
Article
Effect of Froude Number on Submerged Gas Blowing Characteristics
by Jonas L. Svantesson, Mikael Ersson and Pär G. Jönsson
Materials 2021, 14(3), 627; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14030627 - 29 Jan 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2459
Abstract
The flow behavior of gas in compressible and incompressible systems was investigated at an ambient temperature in an air–water system and at an operating process temperature in the IronArc system, using computational fluid dynamics. The simulation results were verified by experiments in the [...] Read more.
The flow behavior of gas in compressible and incompressible systems was investigated at an ambient temperature in an air–water system and at an operating process temperature in the IronArc system, using computational fluid dynamics. The simulation results were verified by experiments in the air–water system and established empirical equations to enable reliable predictions of the penetration length. The simulations in the air–water system were found to replicate the experimental behavior using both the incompressible and compressible models, with only small deviations of 7–8%. A lower requirement for the modified Froude number of the gas blowing to produce a jetting behavior was also found. For gas blowing below the required modified Froude number, the results illustrate that the gas will form large pulsating bubbles instead of a steady jet, which causes the empirical equation calculations to severely underpredict the penetration length. The lower modified Froude number limit was also found to be system dependent and to have an approximate value of 300 for the studied IronArc system. For submerged blowing applications, it was found that it is important to ensure sufficiently high modified Froude numbers of the gas blowing. Then, the gas penetration length will remain stable as a jet and it will be possible to predict the values using empirical equations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical and Numerical Modeling of Process Metallurgy)
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