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Keywords = radiographic retrograde cystourethrography (RCUG)

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12 pages, 2077 KiB  
Article
A Comparison of Contrast-Enhanced Voiding Urosonography (CE-VUS) and Contrast Retrograde Cystourethrography (RCUG) for the Detection of Vesicoureteral Reflux in Young Dogs
by Georgia Trikoupi, Paraskevi Papadopoulou, Katerina K. Adamama-Moraitou, Maria Eleni Filippitzi, Savvas Deftereos, Christos Koutinas, Michail Patsikas and Frederica Papadopoulou
Animals 2025, 15(13), 1918; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15131918 - 29 Jun 2025
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Abstract
The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate contrast-enhanced urosonography (CE-VUS) as an alternative to radiographic retrograde cystourethrography (RCUG) in the detection of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in young dogs. A total of 62 dogs, ranging in age from 6 weeks to 12 [...] Read more.
The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate contrast-enhanced urosonography (CE-VUS) as an alternative to radiographic retrograde cystourethrography (RCUG) in the detection of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in young dogs. A total of 62 dogs, ranging in age from 6 weeks to 12 months, and 124 ureterorenal units (UUs) were investigated for VUR using RCUG and CE-VUS. After a baseline gray-scale ultrasound (US) of the urinary tract, a second-generation ultrasound contrast agent (UCA), diluted in a bottle of normal saline, was instilled into the urinary bladder via a catheter and CE-VUS was performed. VUR was detected when microbubbles were observed in the ureter and/or in the renal pelvis. In addition, RCUG was performed on the same day. The findings obtained by CE-VUS and RCUG were concordant in 117/124 UUs (94.35%). No reflux was detected in 101/124 UUs (81.45%) using both methods. With RCUG as the standard of reference, the sensitivity of CE-VUS was 94.12%, and the specificity was 94.39%. The positive predictive value was 72.73%, and the negative predictive value was 99.02%. CE-VUS is highly sensitive for the detection of VUR in young dogs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Imaging Techniques and Radiation Therapy in Veterinary Medicine)
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