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Radiocommunication systems between train and trackside (RSTT) carry essential information for train operations between on-board radio equipment and the related radio infrastructure located along the trackside, such as the train control, voice dispatching, command, operational information as well as the monitoring data. In a high-speed railway environment, the electromagnetic interference (EMI) has been a major threat to RSTT, and may result in critical security issues for railway transportation and even passengers. Given the complex scenario of the high-speed railway, it is significant to monitor the impact of disturbances in order to guarantee the quality of RSTT. On one hand, RSTT operate in a complex electromagnetic environment where transient disturbances coexist with permanent ones, and they both vary dramatically while the train is running. On the other hand, various radiocommunication technologies have been used for railway applications, featuring forward error-correction codes to resist EMI. Therefore, this paper puts forward a novel approach to evaluate the impact on radio transmission based on the joint statistical characteristics of time-varying EMI. This approach applies a dynamic effective signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio mapping model to establish the relation between the block error performance of on-board radio and the joint statistical characteristics of disturbances with a mutual information-based metric. Simulations on radio transmission using Turbo coding and low-density-parity-check coding under various interferences indicate that this approach is effective to evaluate the degradation of transmission signal with forward error-correction coding due to EMI with different characteristics. Full article