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Keywords = protoplanetary discs

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7 pages, 1181 KiB  
Communication
The Enigmatic, Highly Variable, High-Mass Young Stellar Object Mol 12: A New Extreme Herbig Be (Proto)star
by Mauricio Tapia, Paolo Persi, Jesús Hernández and Nuria Calvet
Galaxies 2025, 13(3), 70; https://doi.org/10.3390/galaxies13030070 - 13 Jun 2025
Viewed by 492
Abstract
We report new medium-resolution spectroscopy covering the wavelength range from 0.6 to 2.4 μm, as well as multi-epoch, multi-wavelength photometry, of the Class I high-mass embedded young stellar object Mol 12 (IRAS 05373+2349). It is embedded (AV12) [...] Read more.
We report new medium-resolution spectroscopy covering the wavelength range from 0.6 to 2.4 μm, as well as multi-epoch, multi-wavelength photometry, of the Class I high-mass embedded young stellar object Mol 12 (IRAS 05373+2349). It is embedded (AV12) in the centre of a dense core at a distance of 1.59 kpc from the Sun and has a total luminosity of 1.74×103L. The spectra show a large number of permitted atomic emission lines, mostly for Fe, H, C, N, and Ca, that originate in the inner zones of a very active protoplanetary disc and no photospheric absorption lines. Conspicuously, the He I line at 1.0830 μm displays a complex P-Cygni profile. Also, the first overtone CO emission band-heads at 2.3 μm are seen in emission. From the strengths of the principal emission lines, we determined the accretion rate and luminosity to be M˙105M y−1 and Lacc103L, respectively. Decade-long light curves show a series of irregular brightness dips of more than four magnitudes in r, becoming shallower as the wavelength increases and disappearing at λ>3μm. The colour–magnitude diagrams suggest the occurrence of a series of eclipses caused by the passage of small dust cloudlets in front of the star, producing more than 10 magnitudes of extra extinction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Circumstellar Matter in Hot Star Systems)
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37 pages, 3786 KiB  
Review
Circumstellar and Circumbinary Discs in Multiple Stellar Systems
by Nicolás Cuello, Antoine Alaguero and Pedro P. Poblete
Symmetry 2025, 17(3), 344; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17030344 - 25 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1020
Abstract
The interplay between stellar multiplicity and protoplanetary discs represents a cornerstone of modern astrophysics, offering key insights into the processes behind planet formation. Protoplanetary discs act as cradles for planetary systems, yet their evolution and capacity to form planets are profoundly affected by [...] Read more.
The interplay between stellar multiplicity and protoplanetary discs represents a cornerstone of modern astrophysics, offering key insights into the processes behind planet formation. Protoplanetary discs act as cradles for planetary systems, yet their evolution and capacity to form planets are profoundly affected by gravitational forces within multiple stellar systems. This review synthesizes recent advancements in observational and theoretical studies to explore the rich diversity of circumstellar and circumbinary discs within multiple stellar systems. We examine how stellar companions shape disc morphology through truncation, spirals, and misalignment. We also outline how dust dynamics and planetesimal formation are impacted by stellar multiplicity. On top of this, observations at a high angular resolution reveal detailed disc structures, while simulations offer key insights into their evolution. Lastly, we consider the implications of stellar multiplicity for planetary system architectures, emphasizing the diversity of planetary outcomes in such environments. Looking ahead, coordinated efforts combining high-resolution observations with advanced numerical models will be critical for unraveling the role of multiple stellar systems in shaping planetary formation and evolution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Physics)
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17 pages, 6172 KiB  
Article
Alpha Centauri: Disc Dynamics, Planet Stability, Detectability
by Nicolás Cuello and Mario Sucerquia
Universe 2024, 10(2), 64; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe10020064 - 31 Jan 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2417 | Correction
Abstract
Alpha Centauri is a triple stellar system, and it contains the closest star to Earth (Proxima Centauri). Over the last decades, the stars in Alpha Cen and their orbits have been investigated in great detail. However, the possible scenarios for planet formation and [...] Read more.
Alpha Centauri is a triple stellar system, and it contains the closest star to Earth (Proxima Centauri). Over the last decades, the stars in Alpha Cen and their orbits have been investigated in great detail. However, the possible scenarios for planet formation and evolution in this triple stellar system remain to be explored further. First, we present a 3D hydrodynamical simulation of the circumstellar discs in the binary Alpha Cen AB. Then, we compute stability maps for the planets within Alpha Cen obtained through N-body integrations. Last, we estimate the radial velocity (RV) signals of such planets. We find that the circumstellar discs within the binary cannot exceed 3 au in radius and that the available dust mass to form planets is about 30 M. Planets around A and B are stable if their semimajor axes are below 3 au, while those around C are stable and remain unperturbed by the binary AB. For rocky planets, the planetary mass has only a mild effect on the stability. Therefore, Alpha Cen could have formed and hosted rocky planets around each star, which may be detected with RV methods in the future. The exoplanetary hunt in this triple stellar system must continue. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Royal Road: Eclipsing Binaries and Transiting Exoplanets)
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