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Search Results (2)

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Keywords = post-incarceration adjustment

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21 pages, 361 KiB  
Article
Juvenile Homicide Offenders: Factors in Desistance after Incarceration
by Norair Khachatryan and Kathleen M. Heide
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2354; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032354 - 28 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2988
Abstract
While several prior studies have examined the prevalence and predictors of recidivism among juvenile homicide offenders (JHOs), much less scholarly attention has been devoted to exploring the post-release factors that influence JHOs to desist from criminal behavior. Given relatively recent rulings by the [...] Read more.
While several prior studies have examined the prevalence and predictors of recidivism among juvenile homicide offenders (JHOs), much less scholarly attention has been devoted to exploring the post-release factors that influence JHOs to desist from criminal behavior. Given relatively recent rulings by the U.S. Supreme Court, individuals who commit homicide offenses as juveniles are less likely to spend the rest of their lives in prison. Accordingly, it is important to understand the factors associated with desistance in the post-incarceration lives of JHOs. The present study was designed to assess the effects of post-release factors on JHOs’ recidivism outcomes, using a sample of 19 male JHOs from a southeastern U.S. state who were convicted as adults and sentenced to serve time in prison in the 1980s. These men were interviewed approximately 35 years after their original homicide offense about their adjustment to life in prison and after release, as well as their reasons for engaging in criminal behavior during adolescence. Thematic qualitative analysis was used to identify the post-release factors that were prevalent in the lives of the JHOs who desisted from crime. These five factors included avoiding old neighborhood and friends, positive intimate relationship, stable employment, human agency, and generativity. The implications of the findings for the prevention of recidivism among JHOs, as well as avenues for future research, are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Psycho-Criminology, Crime, and the Law (2nd Edition))
15 pages, 701 KiB  
Article
A Testing Campaign Intervention Consisting of Peer-Facilitated Engagement, Point-of-Care HCV RNA Testing, and Linkage to Nursing Support to Enhance Hepatitis C Treatment Uptake among People Who Inject Drugs: The ETHOS Engage Study
by Anna Conway, Heather Valerio, Maryam Alavi, David Silk, Carla Treloar, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Alison D. Marshall, Marianne Martinello, Andrew Milat, Adrian Dunlop, Carolyn Murray, Bianca Prain, Charles Henderson, Janaki Amin, Phillip Read, Pip Marks, Louisa Degenhardt, Jeremy Hayllar, David Reid, Carla Gorton, Thao Lam, Michael Christmass, Alexandra Wade, Mark Montebello, Gregory J. Dore and Jason Grebelyadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Viruses 2022, 14(7), 1555; https://doi.org/10.3390/v14071555 - 16 Jul 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3511
Abstract
This study evaluated HCV treatment initiation among people who inject drugs (PWID) following an intervention of campaign days involving peer connection, point-of-care HCV RNA testing, and linkage to nursing support. ETHOS Engage is an observational cohort study of PWID attending 25 drug treatment [...] Read more.
This study evaluated HCV treatment initiation among people who inject drugs (PWID) following an intervention of campaign days involving peer connection, point-of-care HCV RNA testing, and linkage to nursing support. ETHOS Engage is an observational cohort study of PWID attending 25 drug treatment clinics and needle and syringe programs in Australia (May 2018–September 2019). Point-of-care results were provided to the nurse, facilitating confirmatory testing and treatment. The study aimed to evaluate treatment uptake and factors associated with treatment at 24 months post-enrolment. There were 317 people with current HCV infection and eligible for treatment (median age 43, 65% male, 15% homeless, 69% receiving opioid agonist treatment, 70% injected in last month). Overall, 15% (47/317), 27% (85/317), 38% (120/317), and 49% (155/317) of people with current HCV infection had initiated treatment at 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-months following testing, respectively. Homelessness (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.40; 95% confidence interval: 0.23, 0.71) and incarceration in the past 12 months (vs. never, aHR:0.46; 0.28, 0.76) were associated with decreased treatment initiation in the 24 months post-enrolment. This testing campaign intervention facilitated HCV treatment uptake among PWID. Further interventions are needed to achieve HCV elimination among people experiencing homelessness or incarceration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Elimination of Viral Hepatitis: Improving Diagnosis, Treatment and Surveillance)
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