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Keywords = phytosanitory

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20 pages, 2586 KB  
Article
Virome Survey of Banana Plantations and Surrounding Plants in Malawi
by Johnny Isaac Gregorio Masangwa, Coline Temple, Johan Rollin, François Maclot, Serkan Önder, Jamestone Kamwendo, Elizabeth Mwafongo, Philemon Moses, Isaac Fandika and Sebastien Massart
Viruses 2025, 17(8), 1068; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17081068 - 31 Jul 2025
Viewed by 1402
Abstract
A virome survey of banana plantations and their surrounding plants was carried out at nation-wide level in Malawi using virion associated nucleic acids (VANA) high throughput sequencing (HTS) on pooled samples and appropriate alien controls. In total, 366 plants were sequenced, and 23 [...] Read more.
A virome survey of banana plantations and their surrounding plants was carried out at nation-wide level in Malawi using virion associated nucleic acids (VANA) high throughput sequencing (HTS) on pooled samples and appropriate alien controls. In total, 366 plants were sequenced, and 23 plant virus species were detected, three species on banana (275 plants) and 20 species in surrounding plants (91 plants). Two putative novel virus species; ginger tymo-like virus and pepper derived totivirus were detected and confirmed by RT-PCR on ginger and pepper. Nine known virus species and detected a host plant was identified for two of them. No viral exchange between banana and surrounding plants was observed. Results from the VANA protocol, applied to pooled banana samples, were compared with previous targeted PCR results obtained from individual banana samples. HTS test detected better BanMMV than IC-(RT)-PCR on individual samples (better inclusivity) but detected with much lower sensitivity BBTV and BSV species, often with less than 10 reads per sample. Detection of novel and known viruses and new host plants calls for strengthened sanitory and phytosanitory measures within and beyond banana production systems. Our research confirms that HTS sensitivity depends on sampling, pooling protocol and targeted virus species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Viruses of Plants, Fungi and Protozoa)
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11 pages, 557 KB  
Article
Control of Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Trialeurodes vaporariorum, with Electron Beam and X-Ray Radiation of Fresh Strawberies for Export
by Sun-Ran Cho, Soeun Shin, Hyeonmo Ahn, Hyun-Na Koo, Yuri Kim and Gil-Hah Kim
Insects 2020, 11(6), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects11060337 - 31 May 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3141
Abstract
Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch) is one of the representative fresh agricultural products exported overseas from South Korea. The greenhouse whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Trialeurodes vaporariorum, is an economically important insect pest of commercial strawberries in South Korea. The objective of the present [...] Read more.
Strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch) is one of the representative fresh agricultural products exported overseas from South Korea. The greenhouse whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Trialeurodes vaporariorum, is an economically important insect pest of commercial strawberries in South Korea. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of electron beam and X-ray on the development and reproduction of T. vaporariorum. To determine the radiation dose as a quarantine treatment for strawberry, T. vaporariorum were placed at the top, middle, and bottom location in boxes filled with strawberry fruits and irradiated. Eggs were completely inhibited from hatching at 50 Gy, and adult emergence of 3rd nymphs was completely suppressed at 150 Gy in both electron beam and X-ray. Some adults spawning occurred at 100 Gy. However, F1 hatchability was completely suppressed. The results suggest that T. vaporariorum was the most radiotolerant to both of ionization energy at the nymph stage. The dosimetry results showed that the penetrating power of ionizing radiation in boxes filled with strawberry fruits was the lowest at the bottom location. A treatment dose of 150 Gy is adaptable as a quarantine treatment to T. vaporariorum nymph in strawberry fruit. Our results indicate that ionizing radiation could be recommendable as a phytosanitary treatment for quarantine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Improving Whitefly Management)
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