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Keywords = mixed hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocellular carcinoma

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28 pages, 5218 KB  
Review
Pathology of Combined Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Cholangiocarcinoma: An Update
by Florian Roßner, Bruno Valentin Sinn and David Horst
Cancers 2023, 15(2), 494; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15020494 - 13 Jan 2023
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 6091
Abstract
Combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare primary liver cancer that is composed of both hepatocellular and cholangiocellular differentiated cells. It is slightly more common in men and among Asian and Pacific islanders. Overall, risk factors are similar to classic risk factors of [...] Read more.
Combined hepatocellular carcinoma-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare primary liver cancer that is composed of both hepatocellular and cholangiocellular differentiated cells. It is slightly more common in men and among Asian and Pacific islanders. Overall, risk factors are similar to classic risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The classification has significantly evolved over time. The last WHO classification (2019) mainly emphasized diagnosis on morphological basis with routine stainings, discarded previously recognized classifications with carcinomas with stem cell features, introduced intermediate cell carcinoma as a specific subtype and considered cholangiolocarcinoma as a subtype of cholangiocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemical markers may be applied for further specification but have limited value for diagnosis. Recent discoveries in molecular pathway regulation may pioneer new therapeutic approaches for this poor prognostic and challenging diagnosis. Full article
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16 pages, 276 KB  
Review
Treatment of Combined Hepatocellular and Cholangiocarcinoma
by Simona Leoni, Vito Sansone, Stefania De Lorenzo, Luca Ielasi, Francesco Tovoli, Matteo Renzulli, Rita Golfieri, Daniele Spinelli and Fabio Piscaglia
Cancers 2020, 12(4), 794; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12040794 - 26 Mar 2020
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 5658
Abstract
Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) is a rare primary liver cancer. It is constituted by neoplastic cells of both hepatocellular and cholangiocellular derivation. Different histology types of HCC-CC have been reported, hinting at heterogeneous carcinogenic pathways leading to the development of this cancer. [...] Read more.
Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (HCC-CC) is a rare primary liver cancer. It is constituted by neoplastic cells of both hepatocellular and cholangiocellular derivation. Different histology types of HCC-CC have been reported, hinting at heterogeneous carcinogenic pathways leading to the development of this cancer. Due to its rarity and complexity, mixed HCC-CC is a scantly investigated condition with unmet needs and unsatisfactory outcomes. Surgery remains the preferred treatment in resectable patients. The risk of recurrence, however, is high, especially in comparison with other primary liver cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma. In unresectable or recurring patients, the therapeutic options are challenging due to the dual nature of the neoplastic cells. Consequently, the odds of survival of patients with HCC-CC remains poor. We analysed the literature systematically about the treatment of mixed HCC-CC, reviewing the main therapeutic options and their outcomes and analysing the most interesting developments in this topic with a focus on new potential therapeutic avenues. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hepatocellular Cancer Treatment)
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