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Scientific evidence regarding the effectiveness of vitamin and mineral supplements in healthy individuals remains scarce. In a randomized, double-blind study, 30 healthy individuals were assigned to receive a single daily dose of multivitamin and multimineral supplementation or a double daily dose for 30 days. Before and after the intake, an untargeted metabolomics assay for serum metabolites was conducted by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and clinical assessments of peripheral blood samples were performed. A paired t-test for metabolic analysis, adjusted using the false discovery rate (FDR) and p-value correction method (rate of change > 2 and FDR < 0.05), the Shapiro–Wilk test, Student’s t-test, and the Mann–Whitney U test were applied depending on the variable, with a 5% significance level. An impact on oxidative stress was observed, with a significant reduction in homocysteine levels and an increment of pyridoxic acid (vitamin B6). The effect on energy metabolism was shown by a significant increase in diverse metabolites, such as linoleoylcarnitine. Serum iron and calcium levels were also impacted. Overall, we observed a nutritional balance compatible with a good state of health. In conclusion, beneficial effects on adult health were demonstrated in relation to oxidative stress, energy metabolism, and nutritional balance. Full article

The Chinese Taihe Black-bone silky fowl (TBsf) is the homology of medicine and food and has high nutritional and medical value all over the world. However, the nutritional compositions and potential metabolite biomarkers of Taihe silky fowl in muscles are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the differences in nutritional components between TBsf and another similar breed (Black Feathered chicken and laid green-shelled eggs, BF-gsc). Meanwhile, we also explored the divergences in muscle characteristics of Taihe silky fowl fed with two different diets; that is, normal chicken feed (TBsf-ncf) and Broussonetia papyrifera-fermented feed (TBsf-bpf). Firstly, the growth performance and biochemical index of Taihe silky fowl was significantly different compared with black-feathered chicken. Secondly, we identified the metabolic alterations in Taihe silky fowl by performing an un-targeted UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis. Our results suggested that all the metabonomic characteristics had obvious separation between TBsf-ncf, TBsf-bpf and BF-gsc groups, both in the positive and negative ion mode by PCA analysis. Next, OPLS-DA multivariate analysis revealed that 57 metabolites (in positive mode) and 49 metabolites (in negative mode) were identified as differential metabolites between the TBsf-ncf and BF-gsc groups. These differential metabolites were mainly enriched to ABC transporters, biosynthesis of amino acids and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. Besides, 47 metabolites (in positive) and 13 metabolites (in negative) were differentially regulated between the TBsf-ncf and TBsf-bpf groups, which were majorly involved in histidine metabolism and linoleic metabolism. Furthermore, the integrated network analysis suggested that DL-arginine, DL-isoleucine, linoleoylcarnitine, stearoylcarnitine (positive) and ricionleic acid, D-proline, and uric acid (negative) were the significant metabolic biomarkers in Taihe silky fowl. Moreover, the metabolites of primaquine, ticlpoidine, riboflavin, acetylcarnitine (positive) and salicylic acid, acetaminophen sulfate, and glutamic acid (negative) were markedly changed in the Taihe silky fowl fed with BP-fermented feed. In summary, a global survey of the nutritional components and metabolite differences was performed in muscle tissues of Taihe silky fowl between various breeds and feeds. Meanwhile, our study provided valuable information for nutritional components and metabolic biomarkers in Chinese Taihe silky fowl, which greatly promoted the economic value of the black-boned chicken industry and laid a solid theoretical foundation for the development of chicken products with greater added value in future. Full article