Search Results (2)

Reversible adhesives enable temporary yet robust bonding between surfaces, allowing controlled detachment without structural or interfacial damage. This capability is gaining increasing recognition as a crucial requirement for sustainable technologies, where repairability, reusability, and minimal waste are key objectives. Among the diverse strategies explored for reversible adhesion (including supramolecular assemblies, bioinspired dry adhesives, and stimuli-responsive polymers), hydrogel-based systems have emerged as particularly versatile candidates due to their tunable mechanics, elasticity, and intrinsic biocompatibility. Recent studies highlight the use of renewable or biodegradable polymers to develop sustainable, water-rich hydrogel networks with controllable adhesive properties, minimizing environmental impact while maintaining performance. Despite these advances, significant challenges still hinder full implementation: biopolymer-based systems such as chitosan or starch often exhibit strong but poorly controllable adhesion, compromising reversibility and reusability. This review provides a comprehensive overview of strategies for developing hydrogel-based reversible adhesives, focusing on sustainable material selection, molecular design principles, and the underlying mechanisms of bonding and debonding. Furthermore, characterization methodologies, from conventional mechanical testing to surface-sensitive and dynamic techniques, are discussed in detail to establish structure–property–function relationships. Finally, emerging directions and application opportunities are outlined, offering a framework for the rational design of next-generation, sustainable adhesive systems. Full article

As a key means to solve energy and environmental problems, photocatalytic technology has made remarkable progress in recent years. Organic semiconductor materials offer structural diversity and tunable energy levels and thus attracted great attention. Among them, porphyrin and its derivatives show great potential in photocatalytic reactions and light therapy due to their unique large-π conjugation structure, high apparent quantum efficiency, tailorable functionality, and excellent biocompatibility. Compared to unassembled porphyrin molecules, supramolecular porphyrin assemblies facilitate the solar light absorption and improve the charge transfer and thus exhibit enhanced photocatalytic performance. Herein, the research progress of porphyrin-based supramolecular assemblies, including the construction, the regulation of charge separation and transfer, stability, and application in photocatalysis, was systematically reviewed. The construction strategy of porphyrin supramolecules, the mechanism of charge separation, and the intrinsic relationship of assembling structure-charge transfer-photocatalytic performance received special attention. Surfactants, peptide molecules, polymers, and metal ions were introduced to improve the stability of the porphyrin assemblies. Donor-acceptor structure and co-catalysts were incorporated to inhibit the recombination of the photoinduced charges. These increase the understanding of the porphyrin supramolecules and provide ideas for the design of high-performance porphyrin-based photocatalysts. Full article