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Search Results (5)

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Keywords = hybrid laser-GMAW welding

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19 pages, 8130 KiB  
Article
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Analysis on Seam Feature Size and Deformation for T-Joint Laser–GMAW Hybrid Welding
by Nai-Kun Wei, Jin Shi, Run-Dang Yang, Jun-Tong Xi, Xiao-Meng Luo, Xu-Yue Yin and Rui-Xue Zhang
Materials 2024, 17(1), 228; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17010228 - 31 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1676
Abstract
As an innovative technique, laser–GMAW hybrid welding manifests significant superiority in enhancing welding productivity and quality, albeit the optimization of process parameters poses a challenge for practical application. The present manuscript elucidates the influence of process parameters on the dimensional characteristics of the [...] Read more.
As an innovative technique, laser–GMAW hybrid welding manifests significant superiority in enhancing welding productivity and quality, albeit the optimization of process parameters poses a challenge for practical application. The present manuscript elucidates the influence of process parameters on the dimensional characteristics of the welding seam and the distortion of 8 mm T-joints in the context of laser–GMAW hybrid welding, and channels both simulation and experimentation. The outcomes denote that the dual conical model serves as an efficacious aid for the numerical simulation of T-joint laser–GMAW hybrid welding. Furthermore, the repercussions of process parameters on welding seam dimensional characteristics remain consistently similar in both the simulation and experimental results. From the simulation outcomes, it becomes apparent that the distortion of the base material can be efficiently managed by implementing anti-distortion measures. This inquiry offers both a theoretical and experimental foundation for optimizing process parameters of T-joint laser–GMAW hybrid welding, presenting certain engineering applicability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Approaches in the Design, Simulation, and Manufacturing for Processes and Systems)
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10 pages, 3294 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Austenite—Ferrite Duplex Stainless Steel Hybrid (Laser + GMAW) and SAW Welded Joint
by Ryszard Krawczyk, Jacek Słania, Grzegorz Golański and Tomasz Pfeifer
Materials 2023, 16(7), 2909; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072909 - 6 Apr 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2484
Abstract
The purpose of the research was to develop a technology for producing thick-walled duplex steel welded joints. The material used in the research was X2CrNiMoN22 duplex steel in the form of a 15 mm thick plate. The welded joint was produced by the [...] Read more.
The purpose of the research was to develop a technology for producing thick-walled duplex steel welded joints. The material used in the research was X2CrNiMoN22 duplex steel in the form of a 15 mm thick plate. The welded joint was produced by the modern, high-performance Hybrid Laser Arc Welding (HLAW) method. The HLAW method involves welding a joint using a laser, the Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) method and the Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) method. The HLAW method was used to make the root pass of the double butt welded joint, while the filler passes were made by the SAW method. The obtained welded joint was subjected to non-destructive and destructive testing. The non-destructive and macroscopic tests allowed the joint to be classified to the quality level B. Microscopic examinations revealed the presence of ferritic–austenitic microstructure in the base material and the weld, with different ferrite content in specific joint areas. The analysed joint had high strength properties (tensile strength (TS) ~ 790 ± 7 MPa) and high ductility of weld metal (~160 ± 4 J) heat-affected zone (~216 ± 26 J), and plasticity (bending angle of 180° with no macrocracks). At the same time, hardness on the cross-section of the welded joint did not exceed 280 HV10. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in the Experimentation and Numerical Modeling of Material Joining Processes)
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12 pages, 5353 KiB  
Article
Microstructure and Texture Characterization of Duplex Stainless Steel Joints Welded by Alternating Magnetic Field-Assisted Hybrid Laser-GMAW Welding
by Juan Fu, Zhipeng Rao, Yong Zhao, Jiasheng Zou, Xin Liu and Yanfei Pan
Materials 2022, 15(24), 8741; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15248741 - 7 Dec 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2275
Abstract
In this study, 2205 duplex stainless steel with 12 mm thickness was welded by alternating magnetic field-assisted laser arc hybrid welding. The effect of an alternating magnetic field on the proportion distribution of two phases of the welded joint was investigated. The texture [...] Read more.
In this study, 2205 duplex stainless steel with 12 mm thickness was welded by alternating magnetic field-assisted laser arc hybrid welding. The effect of an alternating magnetic field on the proportion distribution of two phases of the welded joint was investigated. The texture distribution, grain boundary misorientation, and grain size of welded joints were analyzed and characterized. The uniform distribution of alloying elements in the two phases was improved by a 20 mT alternating magnetic field. The diffusion dissolution of Ni and N elements into the γ phase was promoted, which was conducive to the transition from the α to γ phase and reduced the precipitation of Cr2N, such that the ratio of γ to α was 43.4:56.6. The ratio of the two phases of the weld was balanced by the alternating magnetic field of 30 mT, such that the ratio of γ and α was 44.6:55.4 and the texture dispersion was weakened. The Σ3 twinning boundary of the austenite phase in the weld was transformed to HABs, the ferrite phase underwent dynamic recrystallization, and the austenite phase had a cube texture, copper texture, and goss texture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Plasma and Laser Engineering)
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26 pages, 27981 KiB  
Article
Experiments and Numerical Simulations of the Annealing Temperature Influence on the Residual Stresses Level in S700MC Steel Welded Elements
by Tomasz Kik, Jaromír Moravec and Martin Švec
Materials 2020, 13(22), 5289; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13225289 - 22 Nov 2020
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 3063
Abstract
The article presents the results of research on the influence of temperature and time changes of the annealing process on the values and distribution of stresses in the simulated heat-affected zone of S700MC steel welded joints. For this purpose, tests were carried out [...] Read more.
The article presents the results of research on the influence of temperature and time changes of the annealing process on the values and distribution of stresses in the simulated heat-affected zone of S700MC steel welded joints. For this purpose, tests were carried out on a thermal cycle simulator, as well as heating the prepared samples in accordance with the recorded welding thermal cycles, and then annealing at temperatures from 200 to 550 °C. The stresses values in the tested samples before and after the annealing process were measured by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The performed tests were verified with the results of numerical analyses using the finite element method (FEM) performed in the VisualWeld (SYSWELD) environment as, on the one hand, the verification of the obtained results, and, on the other hand, the source of data for the development of a methodology for conducting analyses of heat treatment processes of S700MC steel welded structures. Also presented are three examples of numerical analyses for Gas Metal Arc (GMAW), laser and hybrid welding and then the annealing process of the obtained joints at selected temperatures. The main purpose of the work was to broaden the knowledge on the influence of annealing parameters on the values and distribution of stresses in welded joints, but also to signal the possibility of using modern software in engineering practice. Full article
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15 pages, 6685 KiB  
Article
Influence of Arc Power on Keyhole-Induced Porosity in Laser + GMAW Hybrid Welding of Aluminum Alloy: Numerical and Experimental Studies
by Guoxiang Xu, Pengfei Li, Lin Li, Qingxian Hu, Jie Zhu, Xiaoyan Gu and Baoshuai Du
Materials 2019, 12(8), 1328; https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12081328 - 23 Apr 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4090
Abstract
A three-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate heat transfer and fluid flow phenomena in fiber laser + gas metal arc welding (GMAW) hybrid welding of an aluminum alloy, which incorporates three-phase coupling and is able to depict the keyhole dynamic behavior and [...] Read more.
A three-dimensional numerical model is used to simulate heat transfer and fluid flow phenomena in fiber laser + gas metal arc welding (GMAW) hybrid welding of an aluminum alloy, which incorporates three-phase coupling and is able to depict the keyhole dynamic behavior and formation process of the keyhole-induced porosity. The temperature profiles and fluid flow fields for different arc powers are calculated and the percent porosities of weld beads were also examined under different conditions by X-ray non-destructive testing (NDT). The results showed that the computed results were in agreement with the experimental data. For hybrid welding, with raising arc power, the keyhole-induced porosity was reduced. Besides the solidification rate of the molten pool, the melt flow was also closely related to weld porosity. A relatively steady anti-clockwise vortex caused by arc forces tended to force the bubble to float upwards at the high temperature region close to the welding heat source, which benefits the escape of the gas bubble from the melt pool. When increasing the arc power, the anti-clockwise region was strengthened and the risk of the gas bubble for capture by the liquid/solid interface underneath the keyhole tip was diminished, which resulted in the lower weld percent porosity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Laser Technologies and Applications)
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