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Keywords = human pegivirus (HPgV) prevalence

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1 pages, 139 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Köksal et al. Interplay Between HIV and Human Pegivirus (HPgV) Load in Co-Infected Patients: Insights from Prevalence and Genotype Analysis. Viruses 2024, 16, 5
by Muammer Osman Köksal, Martin Pirkl, Kutay Sarsar, Mehmet Ilktaç, Gibran Horemheb-Rubio, Murat Yaman, Sevim Meşe, Haluk Eraksoy, Baki Akgül and Ali Ağaçfidan
Viruses 2024, 16(12), 1883; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16121883 - 5 Dec 2024
Viewed by 653
Abstract
In the original publication [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue HIV and Co-infections: Updates and Insights, 2nd Edition)
11 pages, 1931 KiB  
Article
Interplay Between HIV and Human Pegivirus (HPgV) Load in Co-Infected Patients: Insights from Prevalence and Genotype Analysis
by Muammer Osman Köksal, Martin Pirkl, Kutay Sarsar, Mehmet Ilktaç, Gibran Horemheb-Rubio, Murat Yaman, Sevim Meşe, Haluk Eraksoy, Baki Akgül and Ali Ağaçfidan
Viruses 2024, 16(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16010005 - 19 Dec 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2215 | Correction
Abstract
Human pegivirus (HPgV) is transmitted through sexual or parenteral exposure and is common among patients receiving blood products. HPgV is associated with lower levels of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA and better survival among HIV-infected patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence [...] Read more.
Human pegivirus (HPgV) is transmitted through sexual or parenteral exposure and is common among patients receiving blood products. HPgV is associated with lower levels of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA and better survival among HIV-infected patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of HPgV and determine its subtypes in HIV-infected individuals living in Istanbul, which has the highest rate of HIV infection in Türkiye. Total RNA extraction from plasma, cDNA synthesis, and nested PCR were performed for HPgV on plasma samples taken from 351 HIV-1-infected patients. The HPgV viral load was quantified on HPgV-positive samples. HPgV genotyping was performed by sequencing the corresponding amplicons. In the present study, the overall prevalence of HPgV RNA in HIV-infected patients was 27.3%. HPgV subtypes 1, 2a, and 2b were found, with subtype 2a being the most frequent (91.6%). Statistical analysis of HIV-1 viral load on HPgV viral load showed an opposing correlation between HIV-1 and HPgV loads. In conclusion, these data show that HPgV infection is common among HIV-positive individuals in Istanbul, Türkiye. Further comprehensive studies are needed to clarify both the cellular and molecular pathways of these two infections and to provide more information on the effect of HPgV on the course of the disease in HIV-infected individuals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue HIV and Co-infections: Updates and Insights, 2nd Edition)
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8 pages, 989 KiB  
Communication
Human Pegivirus-1 Detection and Genotyping in Brazilian Patients with Fulminant Hepatitis
by Anielly Sarana da Silva, Gabriel Montenegro de Campos, Marcia Guimarães Villanova, Rafael dos Santos Bezerra, Luciana Maria Mendes Santiago, Rodrigo Haddad, Dimas Tadeu Covas, Marta Giovanetti, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara, Maria Carolina Elias, Sandra Coccuzzo Sampaio, Simone Kashima and Svetoslav Nanev Slavov
Pathogens 2023, 12(9), 1122; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12091122 - 1 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1662
Abstract
Fulminant hepatitis is a severe clinical disease characterized by a marked decline in liver function and encephalopathy. In a previous survey, using metagenomics in a group of 27 patients with this clinical condition, we observed an expressive quantity of reads of the Human [...] Read more.
Fulminant hepatitis is a severe clinical disease characterized by a marked decline in liver function and encephalopathy. In a previous survey, using metagenomics in a group of 27 patients with this clinical condition, we observed an expressive quantity of reads of the Human pegivirus-1 (HPgV-1). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency, molecular features, and HPgV-1 circulating genotypes in patients with fulminant hepatitis. After testing the collected plasma samples, we discovered twelve samples (44.4%) that were positive for HPgV-1 RNA (using both real-time and nested PCR). The positive samples presented a mean cycle threshold (Ct) of 28.5 (±7.3). Genotyping assignments revealed that all HPgV-1 positive samples belonged to the HPgV-1 genotype 2 (both subgenotypes 2A and 2B were identified). Although HPgV-1 is considered a commensal virus, little is known regarding its prevalence and genotypes in cases of fulminant hepatitis. More research is needed to understand whether HPgV-1 can be implicated in clinical disorders and infectious diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Viral Pathogens)
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12 pages, 2682 KiB  
Review
The Second Human Pegivirus, a Non-Pathogenic RNA Virus with Low Prevalence and Minimal Genetic Diversity
by Shuyi Chen, Haiying Wang, Emmanuel Enoch Dzakah, Farooq Rashid, Jufang Wang and Shixing Tang
Viruses 2022, 14(9), 1844; https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091844 - 23 Aug 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2966
Abstract
The second human pegivirus (HPgV-2) is a virus discovered in the plasma of a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patient in 2015 belonging to the pegiviruses of the family Flaviviridae. HPgV-2 has been proved to be epidemiologically associated with and structurally similar to [...] Read more.
The second human pegivirus (HPgV-2) is a virus discovered in the plasma of a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patient in 2015 belonging to the pegiviruses of the family Flaviviridae. HPgV-2 has been proved to be epidemiologically associated with and structurally similar to HCV but unrelated to HCV disease and non-pathogenic, but its natural history and tissue tropism remain unclear. HPgV-2 is a unique RNA virus sharing the features of HCV and the first human pegivirus (HPgV-1 or GBV-C). Moreover, distinct from most RNA viruses such as HCV, HPgV-1 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HPgV-2 exhibits much lower genomic diversity, with a high global sequence identity ranging from 93.5 to 97.5% and significantly lower intra-host variation than HCV. The mechanisms underlying the conservation of the HPgV-2 genome are not clear but may include efficient innate immune responses, low immune selection pressure and, possibly, the unique features of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP). In this review, we summarize the prevalence, pathogenicity and genetic diversity of HPgV-2 and discuss the possible reasons for the uniformity of its genome sequence, which should elucidate the implications of RNA virus fidelity for attenuated viral vaccines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Animal Viruses)
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