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Search Results (3)

Search Parameters:
Keywords = fire ventilation of staircases

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15 pages, 9438 KiB  
Article
Performance-Based Solutions of Thermal and Smoke Control Ventilation in Industrial Power Plant Buildings
by Dorota Brzezińska and Maria Brzezińska
Energies 2022, 15(19), 7396; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15197396 - 9 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2018
Abstract
Industrial power plant buildings differ from all other types of buildings, mainly due to their significant heights and volumes without internal floor sections, exceptionally heat gains during daily work, and potentially high fire risk. Those buildings consist of boiler and turbine houses with [...] Read more.
Industrial power plant buildings differ from all other types of buildings, mainly due to their significant heights and volumes without internal floor sections, exceptionally heat gains during daily work, and potentially high fire risk. Those buildings consist of boiler and turbine houses with multilevel stairways. This complicated architecture creates an extraordinary natural thermal stack effect, causing special ventilation and smoke control systems requirements, adapted to their specific structures and internal conditions. The paper demonstrates a proposal for optimal thermal smoke control ventilation solutions in industrial power plant buildings designated on the basis of performance-based calculations and confirmed by CFD simulations. It demonstrates the possibilities of using daily ventilation in the boiler houses in a function of smoke control systems in the event of a fire and defines fundamental rules for designing the system. Additionally, a new method of sufficient staircase (pylons) protection with a modified pressurization system is proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Thermal Comfort and Energy Use in Buildings)
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19 pages, 14654 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Outdoor Temperatures on the Efficacy of Natural Ventilation and Smoke Exhaust Systems
by Arleta Bogusławska and Dorota Brzezińska
Energies 2022, 15(3), 933; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15030933 - 27 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2968
Abstract
Natural smoke control systems in staircases are one of the available systems used for the protection of escape routes from smoke and are one of the most utilised for medium to high rise buildings. However, their effectiveness (as well as other ventilation systems) [...] Read more.
Natural smoke control systems in staircases are one of the available systems used for the protection of escape routes from smoke and are one of the most utilised for medium to high rise buildings. However, their effectiveness (as well as other ventilation systems) is strongly dependent on the weather conditions, especially the outdoor temperature. This paper describes the results of real-scale experiments of the airflow in a staircase’s natural smoke exhaust system. The experimental staircase was localised in a medium-high building, “LabFactor” at the Lodz University of Technology in Poland. The experiments were performed over a period of six months, from February to July 2019, and included measurements of external and internal air temperature as well as the airflow through the staircase. The results obtained enabled an evaluation of the effectiveness of the ventilation and natural smoke exhaust system in the staircase, in relation to external temperatures. It was found that natural smoke exhaust systems could operate below an acceptable level of effectiveness for nearly 25% of the year. The experimental results were confirmed with CFD simulations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Sustainable Built Environment)
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13 pages, 4555 KiB  
Article
Numerical Analysis of Smoke Spreading in a Medium-High Building under Different Ventilation Conditions
by Zdzislaw Salamonowicz, Malgorzata Majder-Lopatka, Anna Dmochowska, Aleksandra Piechota-Polanczyk and Andrzej Polanczyk
Atmosphere 2021, 12(6), 705; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060705 - 30 May 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4560
Abstract
Smoke from fires in residential buildings represents the greatest threat to the life and health of inhabitants and firefighters at the scene of an accident. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reconstruct a numerical model for the estimation of smoke spread [...] Read more.
Smoke from fires in residential buildings represents the greatest threat to the life and health of inhabitants and firefighters at the scene of an accident. Therefore, the aim of this study was to reconstruct a numerical model for the estimation of smoke spread in a medium-high building under different ventilation conditions. Here, the three-dimensional geometry of a designated medium-high building was reconstructed and an exit door in the basement was specified as a smoke inlet; a window in the upper part was marked as outlet; and an entrance door, which allowed the outside air to enter the building after opening, was designated as an inlet door. The initial simulation, in which no air could enter the building, predicted the time taken for the staircase to become filled with smoke. In a second simulation, the entrance door was a fresh air inlet. The results showed that, for the analyzed building, rapid use of the mechanical ventilation can shorten the time of operations and improve their safety. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Air Quality in Poland)
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