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Keywords = electro-microfiltration

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12 pages, 10794 KiB  
Article
Effects of Co-Solvent on the Morphology, Physicochemical Properties, and Performance of PVDF Electrospun Membranes in Comparison to Flat-Sheet Membranes
by Reham A. Abd El-Latif, Marwa E. Abdel Aziz, Safaa H. El-Taweel, Malak T. Abou El-Khair and Gamal R. Saad
J. Compos. Sci. 2022, 6(9), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs6090253 - 29 Aug 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2826
Abstract
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes were fabricated using two different methods: the electro-spinning technique and the phase inversion process. The effect of a DMF/acetone solvent composition on the quality of the electrospun fibers of the PVDF membrane was investigated. The prepared PVDF membranes have [...] Read more.
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes were fabricated using two different methods: the electro-spinning technique and the phase inversion process. The effect of a DMF/acetone solvent composition on the quality of the electrospun fibers of the PVDF membrane was investigated. The prepared PVDF membranes have been characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and contact angle. Uniform fibrous membranes with fiber diameters ranging mainly from 6 μm to 1.5 μm were formed from 16% (w/w) PVDF solutions in 50/50 (w/w) DMF/acetone at 30 kV voltage and 0.3 mL/h flow rate. The effect of surface morphology and hydrophilicity on anti-fouling potential was also studied and compared with flat-sheet membranes. It was found that the spun fibrous membranes exhibited the best hydrophilicity and antifouling properties with an average pure water permeability up to 400 L/m2/h, higher than that of the flat-sheet membranes, which exhibited 200 L/m2/h. Performance evaluation of the prepared PVDF membranes (water flux and organic matter retention) has been done through the use of a dead-end apparatus, where the results demonstrated the efficiency of electrospun membrane over the conventionally prepared flat-sheet membrane for utilization as a pretreatment stage of ultrafiltration and microfiltration (MF/UF), before reverse osmosis (RO) in the desalination plant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Fiber Composites)
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12 pages, 4250 KiB  
Article
Membrane Fouling and Electrochemical Regeneration at a PbO2-Reactive Electrochemical Membrane: Study on Experiment and Mechanism
by Liankai Gu, Yonghao Zhang, Weiqing Han and Kajia Wei
Membranes 2022, 12(8), 814; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes12080814 - 22 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2355
Abstract
Membrane fouling and regeneration are the key issues for the application of membrane separation (MS) technology. Reactive electrochemical membranes (REMs) exhibited high, stable permeate flux and the function of chemical-free electrochemical regeneration. This study fabricated a micro-filtration REM characterized by a PbO2 [...] Read more.
Membrane fouling and regeneration are the key issues for the application of membrane separation (MS) technology. Reactive electrochemical membranes (REMs) exhibited high, stable permeate flux and the function of chemical-free electrochemical regeneration. This study fabricated a micro-filtration REM characterized by a PbO2 layer (PbO2-REM) to investigate the electro-triggered anti-fouling and regeneration progress within REMs. The PbO2-REM exhibited a three-dimensional porous structure with a few branch-like micro-pores. The PbO2-REM could alleviate Humic acid (HA) and Bisphenol A (BPA) fouling through electrochemical degradation combined with bubble migration, which achieved the best anti-fouling performance at current density of 4 mA cm−2 with 99.2% BPA removal. Regeneration in the electro-backwash (e-BW) mode was found as eight times that in the forward wash and full flux recovery was achieved at a current density of 3 mA cm−2. EIS and simulation study also confirmed complete regeneration by e-BW, which was ascribed to the air–water wash formed by bubble migration and flow. Repeated regeneration tests showed that PbO2-REM was stable for more than five cycles, indicating its high durability for practical uses. Mechanism analysis assisted by finite element simulation illustrated that the high catalytic PbO2 layer plays an important role in antifouling and regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in Electromembrane Technology)
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13 pages, 335 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study of Fouling and Cleaning of Sintered Stainless Steel Membrane in Electro-Microfiltration of Calcium Salt Particles
by Frank G. F. Qin, John Mawson and Xin An Zeng
Membranes 2011, 1(2), 119-131; https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes1020119 - 30 May 2011
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 7565
Abstract
Sintered stainless steel (SSS) microfiltration membranes, which served as electrode directly, were used for the experiment of separating Alamin, a calcium salt and protein containing particles, found in dairy processing. Fouling and cleaning of the SSS membranes under the application of an external [...] Read more.
Sintered stainless steel (SSS) microfiltration membranes, which served as electrode directly, were used for the experiment of separating Alamin, a calcium salt and protein containing particles, found in dairy processing. Fouling and cleaning of the SSS membranes under the application of an external electric field were studied. The imposed electric field was found, diverging the pH of permeate and retentate. This in turn altered the solubility of the calcium salt and impacted the performance of electro microfiltration membrane. Using electric field as an enhanced cleaning-in-place (CIP) method in back flushing SSS membrane was also studied. Full article
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