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Keywords = ear protectors

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17 pages, 4905 KiB  
Article
Design of a Video Otoscope Prototype with an Integrated Scanner for Hearing Aid Direct Digital Manufacturing: A Preliminary Study
by Cândida Malça, Francisco Ganhão, António Carvalho Santos, Carla Silva and Carla Moura
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 2280; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15052280 - 20 Feb 2025
Viewed by 674
Abstract
In the current landscape of hearing rehabilitation, ear mold manufacturing typically involves the injection of silicone into the external ear canal (EEC) of each patient. This invasive procedure poses several risks, including the potential for silicone residue retention and tympanic membrane perforation, which [...] Read more.
In the current landscape of hearing rehabilitation, ear mold manufacturing typically involves the injection of silicone into the external ear canal (EEC) of each patient. This invasive procedure poses several risks, including the potential for silicone residue retention and tympanic membrane perforation, which may necessitate surgical intervention. To mitigate these risks, we present the design of a video otoscope that integrates a scanner capable of capturing high-precision, real-time images of the EEC’s geometry. The developed device allows (i) the generation of a 3D CAD model leading to the direct, quick, and low-cost production of customized hearing aids using 3D printing and (ii) the establishment of medical protocols for carrying out diagnoses and monitoring of hearing pathology evolution using methodologies based on Artificial Intelligence. Furthermore, the use of customized hearing aids that allow the application of Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) and music therapy enhances audiology as an alternative and innovative way to treat cognitive and degenerative diseases, as well as pathological disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Biomedical Engineering)
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11 pages, 2821 KiB  
Article
k-Oligocarrageenan Promoting Growth of Hybrid Maize: Influence of Molecular Weight
by Pham Trung San, Chau Minh Khanh, Huynh Hoang Nhu Khanh, Truong Anh Khoa, Nguyen Hoang, Le Thi Nhung, Nguyen Thi Kieu Trinh and Thanh-Danh Nguyen
Molecules 2020, 25(17), 3825; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25173825 - 22 Aug 2020
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3174
Abstract
k-Oligocarrageenan (OC) is an effective biostimulator and a protector against disease infections for plants. However, the effect of OC molecular weight (MW) on plant growth is not fully understood. In this work, OCs with three different MWs (42, 17 and 4 kDa) [...] Read more.
k-Oligocarrageenan (OC) is an effective biostimulator and a protector against disease infections for plants. However, the effect of OC molecular weight (MW) on plant growth is not fully understood. In this work, OCs with three different MWs (42, 17 and 4 kDa) was prepared by varying the degradation reaction time using ascorbic acid as a reagent. The product structure was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data. The growth promotion for maize (Zea mays L.) plants was investigated by foliar spray application of the prepared OCs. Field trials were carried out in two years, 2018 and 2019. The results showed that among treatments, OC with 4 kDa exhibited the best performance in both crop growth and grain yield parameters which indicated increases compared to the control in plant height (6.9–19.9%), length of ears (12.2%), diameter of ears (9.1%), fresh grain weight (17.8%), dry grain weight (20.0%) and grain yield (21.3%). Moreover, low MW OC augmented NP uptake in the plant growth while no effect on K uptake was observed. Therefore, OC with low MWs is potentially promising to apply as a promoter to enhance yield of crops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Chemical Biology)
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12 pages, 2179 KiB  
Article
Selection of Earmuffs and Other Personal Protective Equipment Used in Combination
by Emil Kozlowski and Rafal Mlynski
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(9), 1477; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091477 - 26 Apr 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5035
Abstract
In a work environment, in addition to noise, people may be exposed to other harmful factors. Therefore, they wear both hearing protectors and other personal protective equipment (OPPE). Incorrect use of such a combination may increase the risk of hearing loss. The aim [...] Read more.
In a work environment, in addition to noise, people may be exposed to other harmful factors. Therefore, they wear both hearing protectors and other personal protective equipment (OPPE). Incorrect use of such a combination may increase the risk of hearing loss. The aim of this study was to determine whether the simultaneous use of earmuffs and other personal protective equipment could affect the effectiveness of hearing protection. The study was carried out under laboratory conditions using an acoustic test fixture. This fixture replicated the anatomical shapes of the head and the pinnae, and was also equipped with ear simulators. The study was carried out for five models of earmuffs and eight models of other personal protection equipment. We found that a change in the sound pressure level (SPL) under the earmuffs when using a full face respirator could reach up to 40 dB. On the other hand, the use of a half respirator had practically no adverse impact on the efficiency of hearing protection. In the selection process, it is recommended to consider safety spectacles equipped with thin temples, and half respirators equipped with band adjustment elements positioned on the facial part, rather than the back, of the user’s head. Full article
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