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Keywords = direct-connect scramjet combustor (DCSC)

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20 pages, 16746 KiB  
Article
An Experimental Investigation of Low-Frequency Active Excitation in Scramjet Combustor Using a Micro-Pulse Detonation Engine
by Keon-Hyeong Lee, Min-Su Kim, Jeong-Yeol Choi and Kenneth H. Yu
Aerospace 2024, 11(7), 559; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace11070559 - 8 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1835
Abstract
A micro-pulse detonation engine (μPDE) was designed and installed to a direct-connect scramjet combustor of Pusan National University (PNU-DCSC). The active excitation on the scramjet combustor was experimentally studied using the μPDE operating at frequencies of 10–20 Hz. A vitiation air heater (VAH) [...] Read more.
A micro-pulse detonation engine (μPDE) was designed and installed to a direct-connect scramjet combustor of Pusan National University (PNU-DCSC). The active excitation on the scramjet combustor was experimentally studied using the μPDE operating at frequencies of 10–20 Hz. A vitiation air heater (VAH) was used to supply high-enthalpy vitiated air to the isolator and the scramjet combustor at a Mach number of 2.0, with a total temperature of 1600 K and a total pressure of 1.68 MPa. The exit of μPDE was located at the center of the cavity of the scramjet combustor. Active excitation was performed at equivalence ratios of 0.111 and 0.163, and characteristics were analyzed through Schlieren recording and bottom wall pressure measurement. As a result, when the detonation emitted from the μPDE entered the scramjet combustor, it instantly formed a shock train and moved forward within the scramjet combustor. The flame instantaneously changed from the cavity shear layer flame to the cavity flame. Through bottom wall pressure measurement, it was also observed that active excitation resulted in a significant pressure increase near the cavity compared to when active excitation was not performed. This revealed combustion characteristics, indicating improved combustion efficiency from the pressure increase in the scramjet combustor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supersonic Combustion and Scramjet Propulsion)
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21 pages, 9116 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study on the Ignition Characteristics of Scramjet Combustor with Tandem Cavities Using Micro-Pulse Detonation Engine
by Min-Su Kim, In-Hoi Koo, Keon-Hyeong Lee, Eun-Sung Lee, Hyung-Seok Han, Seung-Min Jeong, Holak Kim and Jeong-Yeol Choi
Aerospace 2023, 10(8), 706; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10080706 - 11 Aug 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2786
Abstract
This experimental investigation focused on the ignition and combustion characteristics of a tandem cavity-based scramjet combustor with side-by-side identical cavities. This study utilized the Pusan National University-direct connect scramjet combustor (PNU-DCSC), which was capable of simulating flight conditions at Mach number 4.0–5.0 and [...] Read more.
This experimental investigation focused on the ignition and combustion characteristics of a tandem cavity-based scramjet combustor with side-by-side identical cavities. This study utilized the Pusan National University-direct connect scramjet combustor (PNU-DCSC), which was capable of simulating flight conditions at Mach number 4.0–5.0 and altitudes of 20–25 km using the vitiated air heater (VAH). The combustion tests were conducted under off-design point conditions corresponding to low inlet enthalpy. It is a condition in which self-ignition does not occur, and a micro pulse detonation engine (μPDE) ignitor is used. The results revealed that as the injection pressure of the gaseous hydrogen fuel (GH2) and the corresponding equivalence ratio increased, the combustion mode transitioned from the cavity-shear layer flame to the jet-wake flame. Furthermore, the measured wall static pressure profiles along the isolator and scramjet combustor indicated that the region of elevated pressure distribution caused by the shock train expanded upstream with higher equivalence ratios. When ignited from the secondary cavity, the combustion area did not extend to the primary cavity at lower equivalence ratios, while it expanded upstream faster with higher equivalence ratios. Therefore, the combustion characteristics of the tandem cavity were found to vary based on the overall equivalence ratio of the main fuel (GH2) and ignition position. Full article
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15 pages, 18493 KiB  
Article
A Study on a Vitiated Air Heater for a Direct-Connect Scramjet Combustor and Preliminary Test on the Scramjet Combustor Ignition
by Jae-Hyuk Lee, Eun-Sung Lee, Hyung-Seok Han, Min-Su Kim and Jeong-Yeol Choi
Aerospace 2023, 10(5), 415; https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10050415 - 28 Apr 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3828
Abstract
Vitiation air heater (VAH) combustion characteristics for a direct-connect scramjet combustor (DCSC) were experimentally studied. The VAH consists of a head, modular chamber, and circular-to-rectangular shape transition (CRST) nozzle. The CRST nozzle transforms the circular cross-sectioned rocket-type VAH into a rectangular cross-sectioned scramjet [...] Read more.
Vitiation air heater (VAH) combustion characteristics for a direct-connect scramjet combustor (DCSC) were experimentally studied. The VAH consists of a head, modular chamber, and circular-to-rectangular shape transition (CRST) nozzle. The CRST nozzle transforms the circular cross-sectioned rocket-type VAH into a rectangular cross-sectioned scramjet combustor. The CRST nozzle exit Mach numbers at the top, middle, and bottom were measured using a tungsten wedge. The oblique shock formed by the wedge was captured using Schlieren visualization and recorded with a high-speed camera. The θ-β-M relation showed that the exit Mach number was 2.04 ± 0.04 with a chamber pressure of 1.685 ± 0.07 MPa. With the VAH design point verified, preliminary scramjet combustor ignition tests were conducted. As the fuel was not auto-ignited by the vitiated air, the forced ignition method, in which VAH ignition flame ignites the scramjet fuel, was used. The Schlieren images showed that a cavity shear layer combustion mode was formed and also showed that the forced ignition method could be used as a reference model for the ignitor-ignition method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supersonic Combustion in Scramjet Engine)
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