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Keywords = corbicular pollen

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20 pages, 1444 KB  
Article
Effects of Thiamethoxam-Dressed Oilseed Rape Seeds and Nosema ceranae on Colonies of Apis mellifera iberiensis, L. under Field Conditions of Central Spain. Is Hormesis Playing a Role?
by Elena Alonso-Prados, Amelia Virginia González-Porto, Carlos García-Villarubia, José Antonio López-Pérez, Silvia Valverde, José Bernal, Raquel Martín-Hernández and Mariano Higes
Insects 2022, 13(4), 371; https://doi.org/10.3390/insects13040371 - 9 Apr 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3927
Abstract
To study the influence of thiamethoxam exposure on colony strength and pathogen prevalence, an apiary (5 colonies) was placed in front of a plot sown with winter oilseed rape (wOSR), just before the flowering phase. Before sowing, the seeds were treated with an [...] Read more.
To study the influence of thiamethoxam exposure on colony strength and pathogen prevalence, an apiary (5 colonies) was placed in front of a plot sown with winter oilseed rape (wOSR), just before the flowering phase. Before sowing, the seeds were treated with an equivalent application of 18 g thiamethoxam/ha. For comparison, a second apiary (5 colonies) was located in front of a separate 750 m plot sown with untreated wOSR. Dead foragers at the entrance of hives were assessed every 2–3 days throughout the exposure period, while the colony strength (number of combs covered with adult honey bees and brood) and pathogens were monitored each month until the following spring. Foraging on the wOSR crop was confirmed by melissopalynology determination of the corbicular pollen collected periodically, while the chemical analysis showed that exposure to thiamethoxam was mainly through nectar. There was an increase in the accumulation of dead bees in the apiary exposed to thiamethoxam relating with the control, which was coped with an increment of bee brood surface and adult bee population. However, we did not find statistically significant differences between apiaries (α = 0.05) in terms of the evolution of pathogens. We discuss these results under hormesis perspective. Full article
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21 pages, 2498 KB  
Article
Different Dynamics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Hive-Stored Bee Bread and Their Possible Roles: A Case Study from Two Commercial Honey Bees in China
by Terd Disayathanoowat, HuanYuan Li, Natapon Supapimon, Nakarin Suwannarach, Saisamorn Lumyong, Panuwan Chantawannakul and Jun Guo
Microorganisms 2020, 8(2), 264; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020264 - 15 Feb 2020
Cited by 65 | Viewed by 9361
Abstract
This study investigated both bacterial and fungal communities in corbicular pollen and hive-stored bee bread of two commercial honey bees, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana, in China. Although both honey bees favor different main floral sources, the dynamics of each microbial community [...] Read more.
This study investigated both bacterial and fungal communities in corbicular pollen and hive-stored bee bread of two commercial honey bees, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana, in China. Although both honey bees favor different main floral sources, the dynamics of each microbial community is similar. During pH reduction in hive-stored bee bread, results from conventional culturable methods and next-generation sequencing showed a declining bacterial population but a stable fungal population. Different honey bee species and floral sources might not affect the core microbial community structure but could change the number of bacteria. Corbicular pollen was colonized by the Enterobacteriaceae bacterium (Escherichia-Shiga, Panteoa, Pseudomonas) group; however, the number of bacteria significantly decreased in hive-stored bee bread in less than 72 h. In contrast, Acinetobacter was highly abundant and could utilize protein sources. In terms of the fungal community, the genus Cladosporium remained abundant in both corbicular pollen and hive-stored bee bread. This filamentous fungus might encourage honey bees to reserve pollen by releasing organic acids. Furthermore, several filamentous fungi had the potential to inhibit both commensal/contaminant bacteria and the growth of pathogens. Filamentous fungi, in particular, the genus Cladosporium, could support pollen preservation of both honey bee species. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Insect Pathogen Interactions)
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