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Keywords = coconut mesocarp fibers

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16 pages, 1384 KiB  
Article
Production and Physicochemical Characterization of Activated Carbon from the Mesocarp of the Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) Variety Alto del Pacifico
by Gabriela Ramos Clamont Montfort, José A. Azamar-Barrios, Patricia Quintana-Owen, Víctor Rejón-Moo, William S. González-Gómez and Tomás J. Madera-Santana
Chemistry 2025, 7(3), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry7030088 - 28 May 2025
Viewed by 684
Abstract
The mesocarp, a by-product of coconut production, consists of a fibrous outer layer and a medullary tissue. These fibers can be utilized as an alternative source for producing activated carbon (AC). This study presents a method for producing activated carbon from coconut mesocarp [...] Read more.
The mesocarp, a by-product of coconut production, consists of a fibrous outer layer and a medullary tissue. These fibers can be utilized as an alternative source for producing activated carbon (AC). This study presents a method for producing activated carbon from coconut mesocarp fibers (CMFs) using a phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solution as the activating agent. The chemical activation process involves two stages: (1) carbonization of the CMFs, and (2) activation with H3PO4 at elevated temperatures. AC was characterized by its structural, thermal, surface morphological, and elemental properties. The resulting AC developed a lamellar structure with a porous network. Notably, the AC treated with a 60% v/v H3PO4 solution demonstrated a BET adsorption surface area of 1508 m2/g, a total pore volume of 0.871 cm3/g, and an average pore diameter of 2.20 nm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of aromatic rings in the AC, while thermogravimetric analysis showed that the AC decomposed at 428 °C, compared to 418 °C for the non-activated carbon. Elemental analysis revealed a 9.04% increase in carbon content in the AC. Producing activated carbon from coconut mesocarp fibers offers a cost-effective method to generate high-surface-area activated carbon from agro-industrial waste. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Green and Environmental Chemistry)
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17 pages, 4878 KiB  
Article
Substitution of Sand in Concrete Blocks with Coconut Fiber and Cattle Manure: Effects on Compressive Strength and Thermal Conductivity
by Yahir González, Cesar Miranda-Cantillo, Jason Quintero-Torres, Jesús D. Rhenals-Julio, Andrés F. Jaramillo and Juan José Cabello-Eras
Buildings 2024, 14(10), 3092; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14103092 - 26 Sep 2024
Viewed by 2795
Abstract
Improving the energy performance of buildings is critical in the construction sector. This study investigates the effects of incorporating coconut mesocarp fibers (F = Fiber) and bovine manure (M = Manure) on the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of concrete blocks. Bovine manure [...] Read more.
Improving the energy performance of buildings is critical in the construction sector. This study investigates the effects of incorporating coconut mesocarp fibers (F = Fiber) and bovine manure (M = Manure) on the thermal conductivity and compressive strength of concrete blocks. Bovine manure and coconut fiber replaced the block sand at maximum concentrations of 10 and 1.5%, respectively. Thermal conductivities were measured according to the ASTM C177 (2013) standard, compression tests were performed using the ASTM C140 standard, and characterization assays such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to determine the morphological properties of the final material and its constituents. The results showed a 50% reduction in the thermal conductivity coefficient of the blocks when 10 and 1.5% of the sand was replaced with manure and coconut fiber, respectively. Similarly, incorporating coconut fiber at percentages of 0.5, 1, and 1.5% improved compressive strength results. Blocks comprising 0.5, 1, and 1.5% fiber or a mix of 3% manure and 1.5% fiber attained the compressive strength requirements established by the standard. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using coconut fiber mixed with cattle manure as a substitute for up to 2.5% of the sand in non-structural wall elements manufacturing, attaining a decrease in thermal conductibility of around 10%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Building Materials, and Repair & Renovation)
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