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Keywords = cemetery waste

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11 pages, 1164 KiB  
Article
The Impact on Environmental Health from Cemetery Waste in Middle Tennessee
by Patrick Richardson, Heather Tillewein, Joao Antonangelo and Daniel Frederick
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2024, 21(3), 267; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21030267 - 26 Feb 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4395
Abstract
The burial of caskets with arsenic-treated wood and formaldehyde-based embalming fluids can harm the environment and health. Arsenic (As) can leach into water, affecting aquatic life and the food chain. Formaldehyde can contaminate groundwater, risking drinking water and causing health problems. The purpose [...] Read more.
The burial of caskets with arsenic-treated wood and formaldehyde-based embalming fluids can harm the environment and health. Arsenic (As) can leach into water, affecting aquatic life and the food chain. Formaldehyde can contaminate groundwater, risking drinking water and causing health problems. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of As and formaldehyde in cemetery plots of different ages. For this, we evaluated whether there is a potential for formaldehyde and As from cemetery caskets to contaminate waterways, which could impact livestock and allow transmission to individuals. There were six soil samples (n = 6), collected at 2 m depth, close to the buried caskets, as well as two (n = 2) groundwater samples (soil + groundwater) collected from a cemetery in Middle Tennessee. The soil was analyzed by an environmental lab using EPA 8315A for formaldehyde and EPA 3050B for As. All samples were below the limit of detection (<LOD) for As and formaldehyde, except for the 1952 soil sample, which presented 2 mg kg−1 of formaldehyde prevalence. We determined that there is a low likelihood of contamination of waterways and transmission to individuals. Future research is needed to investigate earlier dates of cemetery plots to determine if prior embalming practices could still impact present-day health outcomes. Also, current dates of cemeteries should be investigated to determine if there is a prevalence of formaldehyde and As. Full article
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19 pages, 693 KiB  
Article
Could Necroleachate Be the Cemetery’s Sewage? A Panorama from Brazilian Legislation
by Ana Paula Chein Bueno de Azevedo, Telma Abdalla de Oliveira Cardoso and Simone Cynamon Cohen
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(19), 6898; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20196898 - 8 Oct 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2598
Abstract
Cemeteries can be compared to landfills, as the leachate produced in these areas, also known as necroleachate, can be environmentally transported, polluting groundwater, surface water, and soil. In Brazil, to ensure no negative environmental impacts and public health risks, cemetery management is the [...] Read more.
Cemeteries can be compared to landfills, as the leachate produced in these areas, also known as necroleachate, can be environmentally transported, polluting groundwater, surface water, and soil. In Brazil, to ensure no negative environmental impacts and public health risks, cemetery management is the responsibility of states and municipalities. In this context, this article aims to discuss Brazilian sanitary–environmental legislation concerning cemetery waste management. Only half of all Brazilian states have established sanitary–environmental cemetery legislation, and only 19 municipalities have specific laws. These laws, however, are broad and contain many gaps. Necroleachate care and control require both sanitary and environmental assessments to avoid environmental vulnerability and contamination risks for populations inhabiting surrounding areas. In this regard, new water analysis parameters in environmentally vulnerable areas should be established to control the population’s drinking water quality, such as the detection of C. perfringens. Furthermore, the construction of vertical cemeteries instead of horizontal ones and the adoption of cremation procedures should also be considered. This assessment comprises a novel research framework, as no studies on the impact of Brazilian laws on environmental necroleachate contamination are available to date. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wastewater Treatment and Environmental Monitoring)
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7 pages, 1181 KiB  
Brief Report
Postindustrial Landscapes Are Neglected Localities That May Play an Important Role in the Urban Ecology of Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases—A Pilot Study
by Anna Dvořáková, Anita Klímová, Johana Alaverdyan and Jiří Černý
Pathogens 2023, 12(5), 648; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12050648 - 27 Apr 2023
Viewed by 2010
Abstract
Background: Numerous recent studies have shown that ticks and tick-borne pathogens pose a considerable threat in urban areas, such as parks, playgrounds, zoos, cemeteries, etc. Abandoned postindustrial localities, and other types of vague terrain, are other examples of urban wilderness areas that have [...] Read more.
Background: Numerous recent studies have shown that ticks and tick-borne pathogens pose a considerable threat in urban areas, such as parks, playgrounds, zoos, cemeteries, etc. Abandoned postindustrial localities, and other types of vague terrain, are other examples of urban wilderness areas that have been absolutely neglected in respect to ticks and tick-borne pathogens thus far, even though they provide ideal biotopes for ticks. Methods: The abundance of ticks and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato spirochetes were compared between a city park and an adjacent abandoned construction waste disposal site in Prague, Czechia from June to October 2021. Results: The results showed that ticks and borrelia spirochetes are present at the city park as well as at the abandoned construction waste disposal site, although in lower numbers. Discussion: According to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the presence of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in an urban postindustrial landscape. More detailed studies are needed to uncover the role of these localities in the ecology of ticks and ecoepidemiology of tick-borne diseases in urban areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers on the Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases)
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