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Keywords = bifacial PV collectors

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20 pages, 5646 KB  
Article
Experimental Investigation of a Concentrating Bifacial Photovoltaic/Thermal Heat Pump System with a Triangular Trough
by Gülşah Karaca Dolgun, Onur Vahip Güler, Aleksandar G. Georgiev and Ali Keçebaş
Energies 2023, 16(2), 649; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16020649 - 5 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2405
Abstract
The heat absorbed by the heat transfer fluid for cooling a concentrated photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) solar collector can be used for purposes such as residential heating and cooking. Because of the combined production of heat and power, these systems are proposed for individual [...] Read more.
The heat absorbed by the heat transfer fluid for cooling a concentrated photovoltaic thermal (CPVT) solar collector can be used for purposes such as residential heating and cooking. Because of the combined production of heat and power, these systems are proposed for individual or commercial use in rural areas. In this study, a hybrid system was proposed to increase the electrical efficiency of the system. Experiments were conducted in winter conditions. Two operational modes were compared, namely a CPVT system with HP (HP-CPVT) and without HP (CPVT). The evaporator of the heat pump was settled inside the triangular trough receiver. The effects of cooling the PV system with a heat pump in the bifacial CPVT system on the electrical and thermal energy efficiencies were investigated. The electricity and thermal energy efficiencies of the CPVT system were calculated as 12.54% and 38.37% in the HP-CPVT system, respectively, and 10.05% and 81.97% in the CPVT system, respectively. The electrical exergy efficiencies of the CPVT system with and without HP were 14.65% and 10.73%, respectively. The thermal exergy efficiencies of the CPVT system with and without HP were 82.47% and 85.63%, respectively. The thermal heat obtained from the HP-CPVT system can be used for heating needs. Thus, the bifacial HP-CPVT system was an example of the micro-CHP system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Performance and Optimization of Solar Thermal Energy Storage Systems)
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14 pages, 5264 KB  
Article
Shading by Overhang PV Collectors
by Joseph Appelbaum, Avi Aronescu and Tamir Maor
Appl. Sci. 2019, 9(20), 4280; https://doi.org/10.3390/app9204280 - 12 Oct 2019
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3918
Abstract
Photovoltaic modules integrated into buildings may provide shading to windows, doors and walls to protect against sun rays and at the same time generate ancillary electrical energy. The study develops the methodology for calculating the shadow variation cast by overhangs on doors, windows, [...] Read more.
Photovoltaic modules integrated into buildings may provide shading to windows, doors and walls to protect against sun rays and at the same time generate ancillary electrical energy. The study develops the methodology for calculating the shadow variation cast by overhangs on doors, windows, carports, and calculates the annual incident energy (beam, diffuse and global energy) on overhangs made up of conventional and bifacial PV modules. The methodology of the present study is different from published articles including software programs. The study starts with shadows on walls cast by a horizontal pole and follows by shadows on walls cast by horizontal plates, inclined pole, inclined plate, and shaded area. The study deals also with overhangs placed one above the other. The calculation of the diffuse radiation involves the calculation of view factors to sky, to ground and between overhangs. In addition, the present study suggests using bifacial PV modules for overhangs and calculates the contribution of the reflective energy (5% and more) from walls and ground to the rear side of the bifacial PV module. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Next Generation Solar Cells, Modules and Applications)
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14 pages, 4073 KB  
Article
Radiation View Factor for Building Applications: Comparison of Computation Environments
by Marzia Alam, Mehreen Saleem Gul and Tariq Muneer
Energies 2019, 12(20), 3826; https://doi.org/10.3390/en12203826 - 10 Oct 2019
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4268
Abstract
Computation of view factors is required in several building engineering applications where radiative exchange takes place between surfaces such as ground and vertical walls or ground and sloping thermal or photovoltaics collectors. In this paper, view factor computations are performed for bifacial solar [...] Read more.
Computation of view factors is required in several building engineering applications where radiative exchange takes place between surfaces such as ground and vertical walls or ground and sloping thermal or photovoltaics collectors. In this paper, view factor computations are performed for bifacial solar photovoltaic (PV) collectors based on the finite element method (FEM) using two programming languages known as Microsoft Excel-Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) and Python. The aim is to determine the computer response time as well as the performance of the two languages in terms of accuracy and convergence of the numerical solution. To run the simulations in Python, an open source just-in-time (JIT) compiler called Numba was used and the same program was also run as a macro in VBA. It was observed that the simulation response time significantly decreased in Python when compared to VBA. This decrease in time was due to the increase in the total number of iterations from 400 million to 250 billion for a given case. Results demonstrated that Python was 71–180 times faster than VBA and, therefore, offers a better programming platform for the view factor analysis and modelling of bifacial solar PV where computation time is a significant modelling challenge. Full article
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