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Keywords = automated thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry (ATD-GC/MS)

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10 pages, 2146 KiB  
Article
Seasonal Changes in Interclone Variation Following Ozone Exposure on Three Major Gene Pools: An Analysis of Cryptomeria Japonica Clones
by Takafumi Miyama, Hiroyuki Tobita, Kentaro Uchiyama, Kenichi Yazaki, Saneyoshi Ueno, Akira Uemura, Asako Matsumoto, Mitsutoshi Kitao and Takeshi Izuta
Atmosphere 2019, 10(11), 643; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10110643 - 24 Oct 2019
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2960
Abstract
Recently, there has been a continuous increase in the concentration of tropospheric ozone in urban forests in Japan. Since monoterpenes are precursors to ozone, we need to evaluate the effects of ozone exposure on all tree species that are considered to be sources [...] Read more.
Recently, there has been a continuous increase in the concentration of tropospheric ozone in urban forests in Japan. Since monoterpenes are precursors to ozone, we need to evaluate the effects of ozone exposure on all tree species that are considered to be sources of monoterpenes. Cryptomeria japonica, which is the most widely planted afforestation tree, is classified into three different gene pools. However, the interclone variation for seasonal changes in the ozone exposure effect has not been evaluated. Thus, free-air ozone enhancement experiments were conducted using three representative clones of C. japonica in the summer and winter. After exposure to twice the ozone concentration in the ambient atmosphere, the effect on the monoterpene emission rate was found to be considerably different among the clones and for the different seasons. The monoterpene emission rate after ozone exposure increased in winter and summer in the native clones (Donden and Yakushima) in the snow area and heavy rain area, respectively. Since monoterpenes are antibacterial substances, each clone adapted sensitivity to stress during each season upon considerable damage. These results suggest that not only differences between tree species but also differences between clones are important for evaluating seasonal variation characteristics after ozone exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exposure Assessment of Air Pollution)
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19 pages, 1780 KiB  
Article
Diffusive Uptake Rates of Volatile Organic Compounds on Standard ATD Tubes for Environmental and Workplace Applications
by Chunrong Jia and Xianqiang Fu
Environments 2017, 4(4), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments4040087 - 5 Dec 2017
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 8115
Abstract
Passive sampling for airborne volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has gained popularity; however, diffusive uptake rates (URs) have been experimentally determined for only a small subset of VOCs. This study aims to develop empirical models that can interpolate effective URs ( [...] Read more.
Passive sampling for airborne volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has gained popularity; however, diffusive uptake rates (URs) have been experimentally determined for only a small subset of VOCs. This study aims to develop empirical models that can interpolate effective URs (UReff) for a wide range of VOCs. The modelling was based on the standard automated thermal desorption (ATD) tubes packed with Tenax TA and targeted the sampling efficiency (α), defined as the ratio between the ideal UR (URideal) and UReff. Available experimentally determined URs were compiled from literature. Method detection limits were determined on a thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD-GC/MS) system. The 8-h UReff can be modeled with retention volumes or boiling points (BPs) and the biases were within ±20%. The α for 7-day UReff can be estimated by the model: α = 0.3626 Ln(BP) − 1.2324. The 8-h and 7-day UReff values were then compiled for 75 VOCs commonly encountered in the environmental and occupational settings. The TD analytical method showed high precision, linearity and sensitivity, suitable for measuring indoor and outdoor VOCs. The approach and data presented here are anticipated to ease passive monitoring of VOCs for the general users. Full article
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