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Keywords = anhydrous aluminum chloride

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24 pages, 10480 KiB  
Review
Mechanical Properties of Aramid Fiber Fabrics and Composites Enhanced by Phthalic Anhydride Catalyzed with Anhydrous Aluminum Chloride
by Yi Xiao, Yibo E, Hanmei Gao, Honggang Li, Guowen Xu and Xuhong Qiang
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(9), 3800; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14093800 - 29 Apr 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2790
Abstract
The surface modification of aramid fiber plain fabric (PPTA) was conducted through phthalic anhydride treatment and anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl3) catalysis, aiming to enhance the interfacial bonding strength between aramid fiber fabric and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) resin. The surface [...] Read more.
The surface modification of aramid fiber plain fabric (PPTA) was conducted through phthalic anhydride treatment and anhydrous aluminum chloride (AlCl3) catalysis, aiming to enhance the interfacial bonding strength between aramid fiber fabric and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) resin. The surface morphologies and structures of PPTA fiber before and after modification were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. The mechanical properties of the PPTA/DGEBA composite were evaluated using a universal mechanical testing machine. The results demonstrate that when the concentration of phthalic anhydride is 0.3 mol/L, the tensile strength, bending strength and interlaminar shear strength of PPTA/DGEBA composites reach the maximum value, which are increased by 17.94%, 44.18%, and 15.94% compared with the unmodified sample, respectively. After a 0.5-h catalytic modification, the PPTA/DGEBA composites exhibited significantly enhanced tensile strength, bending strength, and interlaminar shear strength, achieving respective increments of 32.28%, 24.91%, and 29.10% compared to the modified samples without catalyst addition. Moreover, the overall mechanical properties of the aramid fiber fabrics and composites were substantially improved, which are more suitable for structural applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Civil Engineering)
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15 pages, 3911 KiB  
Article
Study of the Effect of Modification of Asphalt on the Rheological Properties Employing Microwave Radiation—An Aging Study
by Khalid Ahmed Owaid, Raghed Y. Ghazal and M. A. Abdelzaher
Recycling 2023, 8(5), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/recycling8050065 - 26 Aug 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2445
Abstract
This study focuses on producing asphalt with improved rheological properties that differ from the original asphalt and are less affected by aging conditions. The rheological properties of Qayara asphalt were enhanced by modifying the asphalt using spent rubber tire (SRT) with different percentages [...] Read more.
This study focuses on producing asphalt with improved rheological properties that differ from the original asphalt and are less affected by aging conditions. The rheological properties of Qayara asphalt were enhanced by modifying the asphalt using spent rubber tire (SRT) with different percentages of anhydrous aluminum chloride. Percentages ranging from 1.0% by weight of the spent tire rubber were added after proceeding with the thermal crushing process. The percentages of anhydrous aluminum chloride catalyst were 0.4 and 0.8%, respectively. This mixture was microwaved at 270 watt of power for 4, 8, and 12 min, respectively. The measurements performed are plasticity, penetration, softening point, and penetration index. The previously mentioned measurements were also made on the modified asphalt one year after the modification process to understand the effect of aging conditions. The microstructure and thermodynamics have been characterized by FE-SEM and EDX measurements. This study provides good rheological properties of the modified bitumen binder that is aging-resistant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recycling of Rubber Waste)
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