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Keywords = abandoned zinc smelter

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17 pages, 4870 KiB  
Article
Microbial Diversity and Heavy Metal Resistome in Slag-Contaminated Soils from an Abandoned Smelter in Chihuahua, Mexico
by Gustavo Montes-Montes, Zilia Y. Muñoz-Ramírez, Leonor Cortes-Palacios, Javier Carrillo-Campos, Obed Ramírez-Sánchez, Ismael Ortiz-Aguirre, Laila N. Muñoz-Castellanos and Román González-Escobedo
Soil Syst. 2025, 9(2), 30; https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems9020030 - 1 Apr 2025
Viewed by 849
Abstract
Heavy metal(loid) (HM) contamination in soils from smelting activities poses significant environmental and public health risks, as well as disruptions in microbial community dynamics and HM resistance gene profiles. This study investigates the microbial diversity, resistome, and physicochemical properties of soils from the [...] Read more.
Heavy metal(loid) (HM) contamination in soils from smelting activities poses significant environmental and public health risks, as well as disruptions in microbial community dynamics and HM resistance gene profiles. This study investigates the microbial diversity, resistome, and physicochemical properties of soils from the abandoned Avalos smelter in Chihuahua, Mexico. Through soil analyses, we identified elevated concentrations of certain HMs, which pose serious environmental and health hazards. The metagenomic analysis of the microbial community, composed of bacteria, archaea, and fungi, was dominated by genera such as Streptomyces, Bradyrhizobium, Halobaculum, Nitrosocosmicus, Fusarium, and Aspergillus in rhizospheric soil. Furthermore, a diverse array of metal resistance genes (MRGs) were detected, associated with copper, arsenic, iron, lead, cadmium, zinc, and other HMs. Additionally, metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) revealed the presence of functional genes linked to HM resistance, providing deeper insights into the ecological roles and metabolic capabilities of microbial taxa. These findings highlight the significant impact of smelting-derived contamination on microbial diversity and functional potential, offering valuable insights for the development of bioremediation strategies in HM-contaminated environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Community Structure and Function in Soils)
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15 pages, 3762 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Heavy Metal Pollution Induces Complex Differences in Farmland Topsoil and Rhizosphere Microbial Communities
by Jing Guo, Weili Dou, Zhiwen Liu, Jiaxuan Sun, Duanping Xu, Qili Yang, Gang Lv and Dongli Wang
Sustainability 2023, 15(24), 16598; https://doi.org/10.3390/su152416598 - 6 Dec 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1966
Abstract
The microbial effect of long-term heavy metal pollution on farmland remains unclear. Here, we investigated microbial (bacterial and fungal) communities in topsoil and rhizosphere samples with heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) pollution from four different types of tillage plots around an [...] Read more.
The microbial effect of long-term heavy metal pollution on farmland remains unclear. Here, we investigated microbial (bacterial and fungal) communities in topsoil and rhizosphere samples with heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) pollution from four different types of tillage plots around an abandoned zinc smelter set up 85 years ago and analyzed the complex relationship between microorganisms, plants, and heavy metals (HMs) in soil to guide strategies for further soil remediation measures. The abundance and diversity index results showed that the bacterial and fungal diversities of the four plots were significantly different. Meanwhile, correlation analysis of the microbial communities and HMs showed that bacteria Pseudomonas and fungi Chaetothyriales and Fusarium had a good tolerance for HM pollution, but bacteria Vicinamibacteraceae, JG30_KF_CM45, RB41, Gaiella, MB-A2-108, 67-14, and Microvirga, and fungi Glomerellales, Hypocreales, Chaetomium, and Mortierella all showed indications of being sensitive to HM toxicity. Our structural equation model (SEM) attributed the inhibition of Zn and the promotion of Cd to bacterial diversity, attributed a weak inhibition of Cd to fungal diversity, and revealed the effects of the tillage type on these diversities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology)
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