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Keywords = Thylstrup & Fejerskov Index

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13 pages, 2327 KiB  
Article
Moderate and Severe Dental Fluorosis in the Rural Population of Anantapur, India: Change in Their Biological Susceptibility?
by Trina Mylena García-Escobar, Iván Valdivia-Gandur, Wilson Astudillo-Rozas, Oscar Aceituno-Antezana, Balasubbaiah Yamadala, Vicente Lozano de Luaces, Eduardo Chimenos-Küstner and María Cristina Manzanares-Céspedes
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(18), 11293; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811293 - 8 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4852
Abstract
Dental fluorosis affects the quality of life. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in a community affected by endemic fluorosis for several generations with a conserved biological and social environment. The study included patients from the rural population of Anantapur, India. The Dean [...] Read more.
Dental fluorosis affects the quality of life. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in a community affected by endemic fluorosis for several generations with a conserved biological and social environment. The study included patients from the rural population of Anantapur, India. The Dean index (DI) and the Thylstrup and Fejerskov Index (TFI) were used for fluorosis classification. Additionally, water samples were collected for fluoride analysis, taken from the patients’ living areas. The statistical association between the variables was analyzed. In total, 785 patients between 10 and 60 years old were included in the study (58.7% women and 41.3% men). Fluorosis signs were found in 94.6% of patients examined using the DI and 94.4% using the TFI. Moderate–severe dental fluorosis was observed in 62.8% by DI and 73.1% by TFI consuming untreated water with up to 2.9 ppm of fluoride. Furthermore, moderate–severe dental fluorosis was observed in 33.2% by DI and 39.9% by TFI consuming water with ≤1.5 ppm of fluoride. The high prevalence of moderate–severe dental fluorosis in patients consuming water with a low fluoride concentration suggests that other factors are involved. Biological susceptibility change could play an essential role in the severity of dental fluorosis in populations exposed for several generations, affecting its actual and future quality of life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health — Prevention, Diagnostics, Therapy and Quality of Life)
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11 pages, 463 KiB  
Article
Accuracy of the Simplified Thylstrup & Fejerskov Index in Rural Communities with Endemic Fluorosis
by Ana Karoline Adelário, Lívia F. Vilas-Novas, Lia S. Castilho, Andréa Maria D. Vargas, Efigênia F. Ferreira and Mauro Henrique N. G. Abreu
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2010, 7(3), 927-937; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7030927 - 9 Mar 2010
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 10571
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare the values of the Thylstrup & Fejerskov Index (TF index) for the determination of the prevalence of dental fluorosis using either all teeth (gold standard) or six upper anterior teeth (simplified TF index). The [...] Read more.
The aim of the present study was to compare the values of the Thylstrup & Fejerskov Index (TF index) for the determination of the prevalence of dental fluorosis using either all teeth (gold standard) or six upper anterior teeth (simplified TF index). The sample was made up of 396 individuals aged six to 22 years from three Brazilian cities with endemic fluorosis caused by the ingestion of water with high fluoride concentration. The prevalence of dental fluorosis was evaluated by a single trained examiner with excellent intraexaminer agreement (kappa = 0.95). Intraexaminer reproducibilities were calculated at tooth level. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the simplified TF compared to gold standard were 90.6 (95%CI: 86.6 to 93.6), 100 (95%CI: 95.3 to 100), 100 (95%CI: 98.3 to 100) and 77.5 (95%CI: 69.8 to 83.5), respectively. The ROC value was 0.953 (95%CI: 0.933 to 0.973). The simplified TF index proved suitable for determining the prevalence of dental fluorosis in regions with endemic fluorosis caused by the ingestion of water with high concentrations of fluoride. Full article
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