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Keywords = T2DM–TB binomial

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24 pages, 1561 KB  
Review
Association Between Diabetes Mellitus–Tuberculosis and the Generation of Drug Resistance
by Axhell Aleid Cornejo-Báez, Roberto Zenteno-Cuevas and Julieta Luna-Herrera
Microorganisms 2024, 12(12), 2649; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12122649 - 20 Dec 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 4015
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains one of the leading infectious causes of death globally, with drug resistance presenting a significant challenge to control efforts. The interplay between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and TB introduces additional complexity, as [...] Read more.
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains one of the leading infectious causes of death globally, with drug resistance presenting a significant challenge to control efforts. The interplay between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and TB introduces additional complexity, as T2DM triples the risk of active TB and exacerbates drug resistance development. This review explores how T2DM-induced metabolic and immune dysregulation fosters the survival of Mtb, promoting persistence and the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Mechanisms such as efflux pump activation and the subtherapeutic levels of isoniazid and rifampicin in T2DM patients are highlighted as key contributors to resistance. We discuss the dual syndemics of T2DM–TB, emphasizing the role of glycemic control and innovative therapeutic strategies, including efflux pump inhibitors and host-directed therapies like metformin. This review underscores the need for integrated diagnostic, treatment, and management approaches to address the global impact of T2DM–TB comorbidity and drug resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Treatment and Diagnosis of Tuberculosis, 2nd Edition)
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