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Keywords = T. harziensis

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18 pages, 4072 KiB  
Article
Study on the Ecological Interaction Mechanism of Continuous Cropping Soil Driven by Different Modifiers
by Juan Wang, Yuanyuan Wang, Wei Tan, Dan Zhao, Chunmei Xu, Zhiwei Wang, Yufeng Liu, Siyu Liu and Jiayi Kang
Horticulturae 2025, 11(5), 446; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11050446 - 22 Apr 2025
Viewed by 515
Abstract
In this study, the effects of different modifiers on rhizosphere soil microorganisms, their functions, and the soil properties of continuous tomato cropping were investigated. Nine amendments were selected to treat the soil from a 14-year continuous tomato cropping system. Tomato yield, soluble solids, [...] Read more.
In this study, the effects of different modifiers on rhizosphere soil microorganisms, their functions, and the soil properties of continuous tomato cropping were investigated. Nine amendments were selected to treat the soil from a 14-year continuous tomato cropping system. Tomato yield, soluble solids, soil physical and chemical properties, and soil enzyme activities were measured. Changes in soil microbial community structure and function were determined by metagenomic sequencing, and their correlation with environmental factors was analyzed. The results showed that among the nine amendments, the combination of farmyard manure + Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma harzianum (T2) and plant-derived straw decomposed soil + Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma harzianum (T3) had the most significant effects. The tomato yield, soil hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, and total nitrogen contents and soil phosphatase activities were significantly increased under the T2 and T3 treatments. Compared with the CK treated with T2, the contents of yield, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, and total nitrogen were significantly increased by 34.46%, 41.84%, 52.44%, 45.01%, 24.5%, and 41.18%, respectively. The soil microbial community structure also changed significantly. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Bacteroidota increased significantly. The relative abundance of Hyphomicrobium, Rhodomicrobium, and Rhodoplanes increased significantly compared with the control. The soil microbial function was mainly enriched in two pathways of amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. Among them, T2 significantly enriched six community functions, such as bacterial chemotaxis. T3 significantly enriched three community functions, such as glutathione metabolism. A correlation analysis showed that soil hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, pH, phosphatase, and catalase were the key factors affecting microbial community changes. The treatment of farm manure/plant-derived straw decomposed soil + Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma harziensis improved the soil environment, increased crop yield, clarified the effects of different modifiers on the functional mechanisms of the soil microbial community, and provided a practical solution to the problem of soil degradation in agriculture monoculture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Protected Horticulture Stress)
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11 pages, 3865 KiB  
Article
Combined Application of Organic Fertilizer with Microbial Inoculum Improved Aggregate Formation and Salt Leaching in a Secondary Salinized Soil
by Yuanyuan Peng, He Zhang, Jinshan Lian, Wen Zhang, Guihua Li and Jianfeng Zhang
Plants 2023, 12(16), 2945; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12162945 - 15 Aug 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2761
Abstract
Greenhouse vegetable production provides significant quantities of vegetables throughout the year and improves farmers’ income. However, over-fertilization with mineral fertilizer causes soil secondary salinization and decreases the stability of the soil structure. To improve aggregate formation and decrease salt accumulation in the soil [...] Read more.
Greenhouse vegetable production provides significant quantities of vegetables throughout the year and improves farmers’ income. However, over-fertilization with mineral fertilizer causes soil secondary salinization and decreases the stability of the soil structure. To improve aggregate formation and decrease salt accumulation in the soil profile, bio-organic fertilizers (Protaetia brevitarsis larvae frass with Bacillus amyloliticus and/or Trichoderma harziensis) were applied to partially substitute mineral fertilizer in a salinized vegetable soil. Soil nutrient condition, aggregate stability, and salt movement in the soil profile were measured in a greenhouse double-cucumber system. The results showed that soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), and available phosphorus (AP) increased significantly under bio-organic fertilizer treatments compared with control. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and total salt content (TSC) decreased by 15.74–24.20% and 19.15–29.05%, respectively, with bio-organic fertilizers (p < 0.05). Cl, NO3, and SO42− content under double inoculation with B. amyloliticus and T. harziensis reduced by 31.19%, 26.30%, and 53.11%, respectively, compared to CK (p < 0.05). In addition, double inoculation was more efficient in reducing nitrate content in the soil profile than single inoculation. Soil microaggregates of 0.25–0.053 mm increased by 75.87–78.51% with bio-fertilizers compared with control, and double inoculation was the best for aggregate formation. In conclusion, the inoculation of plant-growth-promoting and salt-tolerant microorganisms with high humic acid larvae frass can alleviate salinization in vegetable soil, enhance soil nutrient content, and improve the soil structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Soil Fertility Management for Sustainable Agriculture)
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