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Keywords = Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus

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7 pages, 1605 KiB  
Case Report
Acute Calculous Cholecystitis Caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies pasteurianus: A Case Report
by Tsunehiko Shigemori, Atsunori Hiasa, Yasuhiro Inoue, Satoko Oka, Taro Yasuma, Ryo Nishiwaki, Natsuko Sugimasa, Tetsuya Hamaguchi, Midori Noji, Kenji Takeuchi, Yoshiyuki Ito, Toshio Katoh, Esteban C. Gabazza and Ichiro Imoto
Microorganisms 2022, 10(10), 1929; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10101929 - 28 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2589
Abstract
Acute cholecystitis is an infectious disease of the gallbladder caused mainly by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, and Enterococcus species. Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus, previously known as Streptococcus bovis biotype II/2, rarely causes endocarditis, meningitis, and septicemia, mainly in children. Biliary tract [...] Read more.
Acute cholecystitis is an infectious disease of the gallbladder caused mainly by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, and Enterococcus species. Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus, previously known as Streptococcus bovis biotype II/2, rarely causes endocarditis, meningitis, and septicemia, mainly in children. Biliary tract infections by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus are extremely rare. There have been no reports of cases in Japan. Here, we describe the first case in Japan of acute calculous cholecystitis caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus infection. A 63-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with epigastric pain and vomiting. He had moderate tenderness and a full sensation in the epigastrium. Abdominal imaging revealed multiple stones in the gallbladder. After admission, he had a high fever that did not improve with antibiotics. Percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage was performed. The patient underwent open cholecystectomy. During surgery, several small stones in the gallbladder and an abscess were observed at the gallbladder base. Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus was detected by bacterial culture of the bile juice. The gallstones were bilirubin calcium stones. The endoscopic study showed three adenomas in the colon, but the histopathological examination demonstrated no malignant cells. Although infection by this bacterium may not be rare, this is the first reported case in Japan of acute calculous cholecystitis caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Diseases: Clinical Diagnosis and Molecular Epidemiology 2.0)
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11 pages, 1405 KiB  
Article
Inducible Expression of both ermB and ermT Conferred High Macrolide Resistance in Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus Isolates in China
by Meixia Li, Chao Cai, Juan Chen, Changwei Cheng, Guofu Cheng, Xueying Hu and Cuiping Liu
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2016, 17(10), 1599; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17101599 - 22 Sep 2016
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 7565
Abstract
Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus is an under-recognized pathogen and zoonotic agent causing opportunistic infections in humans. Despite increasing recognition of this subspecies as a cause for human infectious diseases, limited information is known about its antibiotic resistance mechanism. In this study, we aim [...] Read more.
Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus is an under-recognized pathogen and zoonotic agent causing opportunistic infections in humans. Despite increasing recognition of this subspecies as a cause for human infectious diseases, limited information is known about its antibiotic resistance mechanism. In this study, we aim to identify the molecular mechanism underlying the high macrolide resistance of six S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus isolates from dead ducklings collected in several natural outbreaks in China during 2010–2013. All isolates exhibited multi-drug resistance including high macrolide resistance (MIC ≥ 1024 mg/L for erythromycin, and 512 mg/L for clarithromycin). Efflux-encoding mefA and mefE genes were not detectable in these isolates. The presence of 23S rRNA mutations in specific isolates did not significantly change macrolide MICs. No nucleotide substitutions were found in genes encoding ribosomal proteins L4 or L22. The ermB and ermT genes were found in the genomes of all isolates. These two genes were acquired independently in one highly virulent isolate AL101002, and clustered with Tn916 and IS1216, respectively. The expression of both ermB and ermT in all isolates was erythromycin inducible and yielded comparable macrolide MICs in all six isolates. Taken together, inducible expression of both ermB and ermT conferred high macrolide resistance in these S. gallolyticus subsp. pasterianus isolates. Our findings reveal new macrolide resistance features in S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus by both ermB and ermT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Biochemistry)
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