A novel chemical profile essential oil, distilled from the aerial parts of
Clinopodium taxifolium (Kunth) Govaerts (Lamiaceae), was analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS, qualitative analysis) and Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID, quantitative analysis), with both polar and non-polar stationary phase
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A novel chemical profile essential oil, distilled from the aerial parts of
Clinopodium taxifolium (Kunth) Govaerts (Lamiaceae), was analysed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS, qualitative analysis) and Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID, quantitative analysis), with both polar and non-polar stationary phase columns. The chemical composition mostly consisted of sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenoids (>70%), the main ones being (
E)-
β-caryophyllene (17.8%),
α-copaene (10.5%),
β-bourbonene (9.9%),
δ-cadinene (6.6%),
cis-cadina-1(6),4-diene (6.4%) and germacrene D (4.9%), with the non-polar column. The essential oil was then submitted to enantioselective GC analysis, with a diethyl-
tert-butyldimethylsilyl-
β-cyclodextrin diluted in PS-086 chiral selector, resulting in the following enantiomeric excesses for the chiral components: (1
R,5
S)-(−)-
α-thujene (67.8%), (1
R,5
R)-(+)-
α-pinene (85.5%), (1
S,5
S)-(−)-
β-pinene (90.0%), (1
S,5
S)-(−)-sabinene (12.3%), (
S)-(−)-limonene (88.1%), (
S)-(+)-linalool (32.7%), (
R)-(−)-terpinen-4-ol (9.3%), (
S)-(−)-
α-terpineol (71.2%) and (
S)-(−)-germacrene D (89.0%). The inhibition activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) of
C. taxifolium essential oil was then tested, resulting in selective activity against BChE with an IC
50 value of 31.3 ± 3.0 μg/mL (positive control: donepezil, IC
50 = 3.6 μg/mL).
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