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Keywords = Penicillium subgenus Biverticillium

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31 pages, 2685 KiB  
Review
The Outstanding Chemodiversity of Marine-Derived Talaromyces
by Rosario Nicoletti, Rosa Bellavita and Annarita Falanga
Biomolecules 2023, 13(7), 1021; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13071021 - 21 Jun 2023
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 3506
Abstract
Fungi in the genus Talaromyces occur in every environment in both terrestrial and marine contexts, where they have been quite frequently found in association with plants and animals. The relationships of symbiotic fungi with their hosts are often mediated by bioactive secondary metabolites, [...] Read more.
Fungi in the genus Talaromyces occur in every environment in both terrestrial and marine contexts, where they have been quite frequently found in association with plants and animals. The relationships of symbiotic fungi with their hosts are often mediated by bioactive secondary metabolites, and Talaromyces species represent a prolific source of these compounds. This review highlights the biosynthetic potential of marine-derived Talaromyces strains, using accounts from the literature published since 2016. Over 500 secondary metabolites were extracted from axenic cultures of these isolates and about 45% of them were identified as new products, representing a various assortment of chemical classes such as alkaloids, meroterpenoids, isocoumarins, anthraquinones, xanthones, phenalenones, benzofurans, azaphilones, and other polyketides. This impressive chemodiversity and the broad range of biological properties that have been disclosed in preliminary assays qualify these fungi as a valuable source of products to be exploited for manifold biotechnological applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Natural Products in Drug Discovery)
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13 pages, 634 KiB  
Review
Talaromyces–Insect Relationships
by Rosario Nicoletti and Andrea Becchimanzi
Microorganisms 2022, 10(1), 45; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010045 - 26 Dec 2021
Cited by 24 | Viewed by 5150
Abstract
Facing the urgent need to reduce the input of agrochemicals, in recent years, the ecological relationships between plants and their associated microorganisms have been increasingly considered as an essential tool for improving crop production. New findings and data have been accumulated showing that [...] Read more.
Facing the urgent need to reduce the input of agrochemicals, in recent years, the ecological relationships between plants and their associated microorganisms have been increasingly considered as an essential tool for improving crop production. New findings and data have been accumulated showing that the application of fungi can go beyond the specific role that has been traditionally assigned to the species, employed in integrated pest management as entomopathogens or mycoparasites, and that strains combining both aptitudes can be identified and possibly used as multipurpose biocontrol agents. Mainly considered for their antagonistic relationships with plant pathogenic fungi, species in the genus Talaromyces have been more and more widely reported as insect associates in investigations carried out in various agricultural and non-agricultural contexts. Out of a total of over 170 species currently accepted in this genus, so far, 27 have been found to have an association with insects from 9 orders, with an evident increasing trend. The nature of their mutualistic and antagonistic relationships with insects, and their ability to synthesize bioactive compounds possibly involved in the expression of the latter kind of interactions, are analyzed in this paper with reference to the ecological impact and applicative perspectives in crop protection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ecological and Molecular Interactions between Insects and Fungi)
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