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Keywords = NextGen metabolomics

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14 pages, 2460 KiB  
Article
Diagnostic and Prognostic Performance of Metabolic Signatures in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: The Clinical Application of Quantitative NextGen Mass Spectrometry
by Paulo D’Amora, Ismael D. C. G. Silva, Steven S. Evans, Adam J. Nagourney, Katharine A. Kirby, Brett Herrmann, Daniela Cavalheiro, Federico R. Francisco, Paula J. Bernard and Robert A. Nagourney
Metabolites 2024, 14(3), 148; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14030148 - 29 Feb 2024
Viewed by 5384
Abstract
With 64,050 new diagnoses and 50,550 deaths in the US in 2023, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal of all human malignancies. Early detection and improved prognostication remain critical unmet needs. We applied next-generation metabolomics, using quantitative tandem mass spectrometry [...] Read more.
With 64,050 new diagnoses and 50,550 deaths in the US in 2023, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most lethal of all human malignancies. Early detection and improved prognostication remain critical unmet needs. We applied next-generation metabolomics, using quantitative tandem mass spectrometry on plasma, to develop biochemical signatures that identify PDAC. We first compared plasma from 10 PDAC patients to 169 samples from healthy controls. Using metabolomic algorithms and machine learning, we identified ratios that incorporate amino acids, biogenic amines, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines and acylcarnitines that distinguished PDAC from normal controls. A confirmatory analysis then applied the algorithms to 30 PDACs compared with 60 age- and sex-matched controls. Metabolic signatures were then analyzed to compare survival, measured in months, from date of diagnosis to date of death that identified metabolite ratios that stratified PDACs into distinct survival groups. The results suggest that metabolic signatures could provide PDAC diagnoses earlier than tumor markers or radiographic measures and offer insights into disease severity that could allow more judicious use of therapy by stratifying patients into metabolic-risk subgroups. Full article
(This article belongs to the Topic Biomarker Development and Application)
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14 pages, 3198 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Ability of Capsaicin to Modulate the Human Gut Microbiota In Vitro
by Karley K. Mahalak, Jamshed Bobokalonov, Jenni Firrman, Russell Williams, Bradley Evans, Brian Fanelli, Jason W. Soares, Masuko Kobori and LinShu Liu
Nutrients 2022, 14(6), 1283; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14061283 - 18 Mar 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 6228
Abstract
Previous studies on capsaicin, the bioactive compound in chili peppers, have shown that it may have a beneficial effect in vivo when part of a regular diet. These positive health benefits, including an anti-inflammatory potential and protective effects against obesity, are often attributed [...] Read more.
Previous studies on capsaicin, the bioactive compound in chili peppers, have shown that it may have a beneficial effect in vivo when part of a regular diet. These positive health benefits, including an anti-inflammatory potential and protective effects against obesity, are often attributed to the gut microbial community response to capsaicin. However, there is no consensus on the mechanism behind the protective effect of capsaicin. In this study, we used an in vitro model of the human gut microbiota to determine how regular consumption of capsaicin impacts the gut microbiota. Using a combination of NextGen sequencing and metabolomics, we found that regular capsaicin treatment changed the structure of the gut microbial community by increasing diversity and certain SCFA abundances, particularly butanoic acid. Through this study, we determined that the addition of capsaicin to the in vitro cultures of the human gut microbiome resulted in increased diversity of the microbial community and an increase in butanoic acid. These changes may be responsible for the health benefits associated with CAP consumption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Metabolism)
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