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Keywords = Neofusicoccum batangarum

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14 pages, 3478 KiB  
Article
Polysaccharide Based Polymers Produced by Scabby Cankered Cactus Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) Infected by Neofusicoccum batangarum: Composition, Structure, and Chemico-Physical Properties
by Gabriella Santagata, Alessio Cimmino, Giovanni Dal Poggetto, Domenico Zannini, Marco Masi, Alessandro Emendato, Giuseppe Surico and Antonio Evidente
Biomolecules 2022, 12(1), 89; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12010089 - 6 Jan 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2678
Abstract
Neofusiccocum batangarum is the causal agent of scabby canker of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.). The symptoms of this disease are characterized by crusty, perennial cankers, with a leathery, brown halo. Characteristically, a viscous polysaccharide exudate, caking on contact with air, leaks [...] Read more.
Neofusiccocum batangarum is the causal agent of scabby canker of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.). The symptoms of this disease are characterized by crusty, perennial cankers, with a leathery, brown halo. Characteristically, a viscous polysaccharide exudate, caking on contact with air, leaks from cankers and forms strips or cerebriform masses on the surface of cactus pear cladodes. When this polysaccharide mass was partial purified, surprisingly, generated a gel. The TLC analysis and the HPLC profile of methyl 2-(polyhydroxyalkyl)-3-(o-tolylthiocarbomoyl)-thiazolidine-4R-carboxylates obtained from the mixture of monosaccharides produced by acid hydrolysis of the three EPSs examined in this research work [the polysaccharide component of the exudate (EPSC) and the EPSs extracted from asymptomatic (EPSH) and symptomatic (EPSD) cladodes] showed the presence of d-galactose, l-rhamnose, and d-glucose in a 1:1:0.5 ratio in EPSC while d-galactose, l-rhamnose, d-glucose, and d-xylose at the same ratio were observed in EPSH and EPSD. The presence of uronic acid residues in EPSC was also showed by solid state NMR and IR investigation. Furthermore, this manuscript reports the chemical-physical characterization of the gel produced by the infected cactus pear. Full article
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10 pages, 955 KiB  
Communication
Neofusicoccum batangarum Causing Dieback of Mango (Mangifera indica) in Florida
by Alina S. Puig and Mike C. Winterstein
Agriculture 2021, 11(9), 853; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11090853 - 7 Sep 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4026
Abstract
Mango (Mangifera indica) is an economically significant crop, and is affected by dieback in nearly all commercial production areas. Due to the wide range of organisms previously associated with these disease symptoms in Florida, isolations and pathogenicity tests were carried out [...] Read more.
Mango (Mangifera indica) is an economically significant crop, and is affected by dieback in nearly all commercial production areas. Due to the wide range of organisms previously associated with these disease symptoms in Florida, isolations and pathogenicity tests were carried out to determine the causal organism. The pathogen was identified as Neofusicoccum batangarum based on genetic sequences from three loci (internal transcribed spacer of the rDNA (ITS), β-tubulin (BT), and translation elongation factor 1-α (EF)), recommended for members of the Botryosphaeriaceae family. Possible infection routes were determined by inoculating wounded and unwounded stems with N. batangarum. Trees wounded prior to pathogen inoculation developed larger lesions (5.85 cm ± 1.51) than unwounded trees (0.51 cm ± 0.48), p < 0.0003. In addition, lesions only developed at a small number of inoculation sites in the absence of wounds (14.3%), compared to 93% when stems were wounded. No necrosis was observed in the negative controls. This study provides molecular data on N. batangarum, and evidence of its role causing mango dieback in Florida. Full article
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13 pages, 2502 KiB  
Article
Phytotoxic Metabolites Isolated from Neufusicoccum batangarum, the Causal Agent of the Scabby Canker of Cactus Pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.)
by Marco Masi, Francesco Aloi, Paola Nocera, Santa Olga Cacciola, Giuseppe Surico and Antonio Evidente
Toxins 2020, 12(2), 126; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12020126 - 18 Feb 2020
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 4435
Abstract
Six phytotoxins were obtained from the culture filtrates of the ascomycete Neofusicoccum batangarum, the causal agent of the scabby canker of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) in minor Sicily islands. The phytotoxins were identified as (−)-(R)-mellein (1); [...] Read more.
Six phytotoxins were obtained from the culture filtrates of the ascomycete Neofusicoccum batangarum, the causal agent of the scabby canker of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica L.) in minor Sicily islands. The phytotoxins were identified as (−)-(R)-mellein (1); (±)-botryoisocoumarin A (2); (−)-(3R,4R)- and (−)-(3R,4S)-4-hydroxymellein (3 and 4); (−)-terpestacin (5); and (+)-3,4-dihydro-4,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methylisocoumarin, which we named (+)-neoisocoumarin (6). This identification was done by comparing their spectral and optical data with those already reported in literature. The absolute configuration (3R,4S) to (+)-neoisocoumarin (6) was determined using the advanced Mosher method. All six metabolites were shown to have phytotoxicity on the host (cactus pear) and non-host (tomato) plants, and the most active compounds were (±)-botryoisocoumarin A (2), (−)-terpestacin (5), and (+)-neoisocoumarin (6). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial and Plant Phytotoxins)
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