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Keywords = Kappa-casein-derived caseinomacropeptide

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10 pages, 1250 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Solid-Phase Extraction Sorbents for Monitoring the In Vivo Intestinal Survival and Digestion of Kappa-Casein-Derived Caseinomacropeptide
by Yunyao Qu, Bum-Jin Kim, Jeewon Koh and David C. Dallas
Foods 2023, 12(2), 299; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12020299 - 8 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2152
Abstract
Kappa-casein-derived caseinomacropeptide (CMP)—a 64-amino-acid peptide—is released from kappa-casein after rennet treatment and is one of the major peptides in whey protein isolate (WPI). CMP has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. It also has two major amino acid sequences with different modifications, including glycosylation, phosphorylation, [...] Read more.
Kappa-casein-derived caseinomacropeptide (CMP)—a 64-amino-acid peptide—is released from kappa-casein after rennet treatment and is one of the major peptides in whey protein isolate (WPI). CMP has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. It also has two major amino acid sequences with different modifications, including glycosylation, phosphorylation, and oxidation. To understand the potential biological role of CMP within the human body, there is a need to examine the extent to which CMP and CMP-derived fragments survive across the digestive tract, where they can exert these functions. In this study, three solid-phase extraction (SPE) methods—porous graphitized carbon (PGC), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC), and C18 chromatography—were evaluated to determine which SPE sorbent is the most efficient to extract intact CMP and CMP-derived peptides from WPI and intestinal digestive samples prior to LC-MS/MS acquisition. The C18 SPE sorbent was the most efficient in extracting intact CMP and CMP-derived peptides from WPI, whereas the PGC SPE sorbent was the most efficient in extracting CMP-derived peptides from intestinal digesta samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Food Engineering and Technology)
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12 pages, 1795 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Bovine Kappa-Casein Glycomacropeptide by Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry
by Yunyao Qu, Bum-Jin Kim, Jeewon Koh and David C. Dallas
Foods 2021, 10(9), 2028; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10092028 - 28 Aug 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4966
Abstract
Caseinomacropeptide (CMP) is released from bovine kappa-casein after rennet treatment and is one of the major peptides in whey protein isolate. CMP has in vitro anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. CMP has two major amino acid sequences with different modifications, including glycosylation, phosphorylation and [...] Read more.
Caseinomacropeptide (CMP) is released from bovine kappa-casein after rennet treatment and is one of the major peptides in whey protein isolate. CMP has in vitro anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. CMP has two major amino acid sequences with different modifications, including glycosylation, phosphorylation and oxidation. However, no previous work has provided a comprehensive profile of intact CMP. Full characterization of CMP composition and structure is essential to understand the bioactivity of CMP. In this study, we developed a top-down glycopeptidomics-based analytical method to profile CMP and CMP-derived peptides using Orbitrap mass spectrometry combined with nano-liquid chromatography with electron-transfer/higher-energy collision dissociation. The liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) spectra of CMPs were annotated to confirm peptide sequence, glycan composition and other post-translational modifications using automatic data processing. Fifty-one intact CMPs and 159 CMP-derived peptides were identified in four samples (one CMP standard, two commercial CMP products and one whey protein isolate). Overall, this novel approach provides comprehensive characterization of CMP and CMP-derived peptides and glycopeptides, and it can be applied in future studies of product quality, digestive survival and bioactivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Application of Mass Spectrometry in Food Analysis)
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