Search Results (2)

Surface water is a vital resource for human survival. However, economic and social development has resulted in significant pollutants from human activities, causing environmental pollution in watersheds. This pollution has had a profound impact on the surface water environment. However, limited studies have been conducted on the environmental risk evaluation of the watershed. In this study, we accounted for agricultural, industrial, and domestic source discharges in the districts and counties of the Harbin section of the Songhua River Basin for 2021. Data were collected from Statistical Yearbooks and governmental departments, and the characteristics of pollutant discharges in Harbin’s districts and counties were analyzed. Subsequently, we employed the Back Propagation neural network optimization method, combining remote sensing data, accounting data, pollution discharge data from each district and county, and economic and social data from the Statistical Yearbook and literature. This fusion of multiple data sources facilitated the construction of a watershed environmental risk evaluation system. The analysis considered four levels: economic and social, resource load, environmental infrastructure, and pollution discharge. Via this comprehensive evaluation, we identified the reasons for environmental risks in the water environment of the Harbin section of the Songhua River Basin. The evaluation results indicate that Nangang District, Xiangfang District, and Pingfang District face a higher risk to the water environment. Consequently, recommendations for mitigating water environment risks in these areas and across Harbin City are presented. The research methods and findings in this paper contribute valuable insights for developing control strategies to manage water quality in critically polluted areas of the Harbin section of the Songhua River Basin, providing a scientific foundation for regional river water quality management studies. Full article

Revealing the response of carbon storage to cultivated land-use transition (CLUT) and identifying its driving factors are of great significance for maintaining ecosystem stability and promoting regional carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals. Given the knowledge gap regarding the driving factors of carbon storage in CLUT, this study takes the Songhua River Basin in the black soil region of China as the case study area. The study aimed to reveal the spatial–temporal heterogeneity of carbon storage in CLUT based on the grid element method and carbon storage density. In addition, the driving factors were demonstrated using the geodetector model. The results show that the cultivated land area gradually decreased from 1990 to 2020, and the transition between cultivated and construction land was the most significant. The carbon storage in cultivated land-use transitions showed a substantial decreasing trend. The conversion of cultivated land to construction land resulted in the loss of 130,443,200 tons of carbon reserves. Moreover, the transformation from unused land to cultivated land led the highest increase in carbon storage, which increased by 29,334,600 tons. The gravity center of carbon storage was stable, moving 28.77 km to the northeast between 1990 and 2020. Conversely, the spatial structure of carbon storage showed a transformation trend from multicore fragmentation to mononuclear agglomeration, with obvious regional accumulation, a weakened degree of fragmentation, and uniform distribution. Carbon reserves increased by 388,600 tons from 1990 to 2000, and carbon reserves lost 60,121,700 tons from 2010 to 2020, nearly 155.700 times. The mean annual rainfall was the main carbon storage factor. The interaction between mean annual rainfall and land-use intensity had strong explanatory power, and the spatial heterogeneity of carbon storage resulted from multiple factors. Full article