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Keywords = Glechoma hederacea var. longituba

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17 pages, 668 KiB  
Article
Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties of Glechoma hederacea Extracts Obtained by Supercritical Fluid Extraction, Using Different Extraction Conditions
by Daniela Gwiazdowska, Pascaline Aimee Uwineza, Szymon Frąk, Krzysztof Juś, Katarzyna Marchwińska, Romuald Gwiazdowski and Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(7), 3572; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073572 - 31 Mar 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3233
Abstract
Glechoma hederacea var. longituba is a herbaceous plant from the Lamiaceae family, used in herbal medicine. In this work, we aimed to assess the total phenolic content, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of extracts obtained from G. hederacea via supercritical dioxide extraction with [...] Read more.
Glechoma hederacea var. longituba is a herbaceous plant from the Lamiaceae family, used in herbal medicine. In this work, we aimed to assess the total phenolic content, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of extracts obtained from G. hederacea via supercritical dioxide extraction with methanol as a co-solvent under different extraction conditions. The results showed that the activity of the obtained SC-CO2 extracts is strongly dependent on the extraction temperature. Significantly higher total polyphenol content, as well as antioxidant and antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and yeasts, was observed in the extract obtained at 40 °C, compared to extracts obtained at 50 °C and 60 °C; however, antifungal activity against filamentous fungi was not dependent on the extraction conditions. Antimicrobial activity also depended on the microorganism type. Higher sensitivity was exhibited by Gram-positive bacteria than by Gram-negative bacteria, with S. aureus and P. aeruginosa being the most sensitive species among each group. The most susceptible fungi were Candida albicans and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The antibiofilm activity was differentiated and depended on the extraction conditions, the microorganism and the method of biofilm treatment. All tested extracts inhibited biofilm formation, with the extract obtained at 40 °C showing the highest value, whereas only extract obtained at 60 °C efficiently removed mature biofilm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Substances in Plants: Discovery of New Compounds, Properties, Food and Agriculture Applications, and Sustainable Recovery)
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11 pages, 1738 KiB  
Article
Compositional Characteristics of Glucuronide Conjugates in Regional Glechoma hederacea var. longituba Herbal Extracts Using a Set of Polyphenolic Marker Compounds
by Young Hye Hahm, Kun Cho and Yeong Hee Ahn
Plants 2021, 10(11), 2353; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112353 - 30 Oct 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2252
Abstract
Glechoma hederacea var. longituba (GHL) is one of many herbal plants widely used in hot herbal teas and in oriental prescriptions to treat various diseases. Although the beneficial effects of GHL may be influenced by differences in the composition of active constituents in [...] Read more.
Glechoma hederacea var. longituba (GHL) is one of many herbal plants widely used in hot herbal teas and in oriental prescriptions to treat various diseases. Although the beneficial effects of GHL may be influenced by differences in the composition of active constituents in the herbal extracts, there are few reports on the compositional characteristics of GHL herbal extracts to date. In this study, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry technology was used for comparative analysis of constituents in hot-water extracts of GHL samples obtained from various cultivating provinces in South Korea. A set of marker panel consisting of nine polyphenolic compounds, including glucuronide conjugates in particular, was constructed and used to monitor the compositional characteristics in each GHL extract. Our findings show that some of the marker compounds, including rosmarinic acid, were persistently observed as major constituents in the analyses of the 22 GHL sample extracts, whereas, interestingly, other marker compounds such as polyphenol-glucuronic acid conjugates displayed dramatic differences in compositional ratios. This chromatographic approach using the marker compound panel can be applied to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate compositional characteristics in the GHL extracts, and can also be useful for quality assays of the GHL herbal plant in medicinal and industrial fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Different Approaches in Discovery and Resupply of Plant-Derived Natural Products)
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9 pages, 1578 KiB  
Article
Identification of Polyphenol Glucuronide Conjugates in Glechoma hederacea var. longituba Hot Water Extracts by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS)
by Kun Cho, Yoon-Ji Choi and Yeong Hee Ahn
Molecules 2020, 25(20), 4713; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25204713 - 14 Oct 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3523
Abstract
Glechoma hederacea var. longituba (GHL) is one of many herbal plants distributed worldwide and is known to contain various biologically useful antioxidant constituents. GHL has been used in folk remedies for various treatments and as favorable tea beverages. However, research on the precise [...] Read more.
Glechoma hederacea var. longituba (GHL) is one of many herbal plants distributed worldwide and is known to contain various biologically useful antioxidant constituents. GHL has been used in folk remedies for various treatments and as favorable tea beverages. However, research on the precise analysis of ingredients in GHL extracts remains insufficient. In this study, compositional analysis has been conducted on polyphenolic ingredients in GHL hot water extracts. GHL samples collected from growing regions were incubated in hot water at 100 °C for 1 h. The polyphenolic constituents in the hot water extracts were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HR MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) in negative ion mode. As a result, a total of seven compounds were identified as the major polyphenolic constituents. Interestingly, four constituents out of the identified substances were confirmed to be polyphenol glucuronide conjugates, in which glucuronidation was known to be an important metabolic process in polyphenol aglycone along with methylation and sulphation. This study can be applied for the quality control and standardization of GHL herbal samples and the monitoring of metabolic processes involved in the polyphenolic conjugates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Analytical Chemistry)
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