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Keywords = Fick and Henry’s laws

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8 pages, 1096 KiB  
Communication
An Analytical Method to Estimate Supersaturation in Gas–Liquid Systems as a Function of Pressure-Reduction Step and Waiting Time
by Sushobhan Pradhan and Prem Kumar Bikkina
Eng 2022, 3(1), 116-123; https://doi.org/10.3390/eng3010010 - 21 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 4568
Abstract
When the concentration of a gas exceeds the equilibrium concentration in a liquid, the gas–liquid system is referred as a supersaturated system. The supersaturation can be achieved by either changing the pressure and/or temperature of the system. The gas from a supersaturated liquid [...] Read more.
When the concentration of a gas exceeds the equilibrium concentration in a liquid, the gas–liquid system is referred as a supersaturated system. The supersaturation can be achieved by either changing the pressure and/or temperature of the system. The gas from a supersaturated liquid escapes either through bubble nucleation that usually occurs on solid surface and/or gas diffusion through the gas–liquid interface. The bubble nucleation requires a minimum threshold supersaturation. A waiting time is required to observe whether the applied supersaturation is sufficient to initiate bubble nucleation. When the supersaturation is not sufficient to cause bubble nucleation, some or all of the supersaturated gas may diffuse out from the liquid through the gas–liquid interface before further reducing the pressure in order to increase the supersaturation. In this article, using Fick’s second law of diffusion and Henry’s law, an analytical method is proposed to estimate the level of supersaturations generated in three gas–liquid systems at different step-down pressures. Characteristic times of the gas–liquid systems were estimated to validate whether the waiting times used in this study are in accordance with the semi-infinite diffusion model used to estimate the supersaturations generated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Eng)
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14 pages, 3617 KiB  
Article
Simulation of the Oxygen Permeability of a Composite Container
by Virginie Defauchy, Hélène Le Corre and Xavier Colin
J. Compos. Sci. 2018, 2(2), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs2020021 - 29 Mar 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3684
Abstract
A kinetic model has been derived from the classical (Fick and Henry’s) laws of the gas theory for predicting the oxygen permeability of a closed composite container, initially filled by pure nitrogen under a pressure slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure. Its two [...] Read more.
A kinetic model has been derived from the classical (Fick and Henry’s) laws of the gas theory for predicting the oxygen permeability of a closed composite container, initially filled by pure nitrogen under a pressure slightly higher than the atmospheric pressure. Its two main parameters, namely the coefficients of oxygen solubility and diffusion, were determined beforehand by routine laboratory tests of oxygen permeation at 20, 30, and 45 °C. It appears clearly that oxygen molecules will quickly cross the composite wall to progressively modify the gas composition inside the container. Several solutions are proposed for trying to reduce the oxygen permeability. Full article
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