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Keywords = causes of relapse
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4 pages, 198 KB  
Case Report
Benign COVID-19 in an Aggressive Case of Aquaporin-4 Neuromyelitis Optica Treated with Tocilizumab
by Domizia Vecchio, Claudio Solaro, Eleonora Virgilio, Paola Naldi, Rugiada Bottero, Fabio Masuccio, Marco Capobianco and Roberto Cantello
Sclerosis 2023, 1(1), 1-4; https://doi.org/10.3390/sclerosis1010001 - 12 Oct 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2152
Abstract
Aggressive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) with antibodies (Abs) against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) can be treated by blocking the interleukin 6 (IL6) pathways with tocilizumab. This IL6-inhibitor was employed to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia with unconclusive results. We present a 52-year-old woman [...] Read more.
Aggressive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) with antibodies (Abs) against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) can be treated by blocking the interleukin 6 (IL6) pathways with tocilizumab. This IL6-inhibitor was employed to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia with unconclusive results. We present a 52-year-old woman with AQP4 NMOSD, unresponsive to rituximab, that stabilized on tocilizumab one year after the disease onset. She was bed-bound and progressively recovered her mobility. During intensive rehabilitation, she presented fever and cough for one week with nasopharyngeal swabs positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This mild COVID-19 recovered spontaneously without sequelae, and the monthly tocilizumab infusions were continued for another 10 months. Subsequently, serious and prolonged respiratory and urinary infections caused treatment interruption, and then her disease re-activated. In our case, tocilizumab was effective in preventing NMOSD relapse and was safe to use during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Full article
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16 pages, 327 KB  
Review
Peptide Vaccine Therapy in Colorectal Cancer
by Aleksandra Bartnik, Ajit Johnson Nirmal and Shi-Yu Yang
Vaccines 2013, 1(1), 1-16; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines1010001 - 24 Aug 2012
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 16126
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths and the second most prevalent (after breast cancer) in the western world. High metastatic relapse rates and severe side effects associated with the adjuvant treatment have urged oncologists and clinicians to find [...] Read more.
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths and the second most prevalent (after breast cancer) in the western world. High metastatic relapse rates and severe side effects associated with the adjuvant treatment have urged oncologists and clinicians to find a novel, less toxic therapeutic strategy. Considering the limited success of the past clinical trials involving peptide vaccine therapy to treat colorectal cancer, it is necessary to revise our knowledge of the immune system and its potential use in tackling cancer. This review presents the efforts of the scientific community in the development of peptide vaccine therapy for colorectal cancer. We review recent clinical trials and the strategies for immunologic monitoring of responses to peptide vaccine therapy. We also discuss the mechanisms underlying the therapy and potential molecular targets in colon cancer. Full article
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