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Journal = Humanities
Section = Archaeology in the Humanities

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41 pages, 26283 KiB  
Article
Several Lower Palaeolithic Sites along the Rhine Rift Valley, Dated from 1.3 to 0.6 Million Years
by Lutz Fiedler, Christian Humburg, Horst Klingelhöfer, Sebastian Stoll and Manfred Stoll
Humanities 2019, 8(3), 129; https://doi.org/10.3390/h8030129 - 31 Jul 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 8523
Abstract
The important discoveries of Lower Palaeolithic artefacts in stratigraphical context within Lower and early Middle Pleistocene deposits in the western continental part of Europe along the rift systeme of the Rhine Valley are pointing at the possible continuous presence of hominins since the [...] Read more.
The important discoveries of Lower Palaeolithic artefacts in stratigraphical context within Lower and early Middle Pleistocene deposits in the western continental part of Europe along the rift systeme of the Rhine Valley are pointing at the possible continuous presence of hominins since the Lower Pleistocene. This paper reports on lithic industry from its early appearance at around 1.3 million years (Ma) at the site of Münster-Sarmsheim to the latest pre-Elsterian period at around 0.6 Ma at Mauer, Mosbach, and Miesenheim. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Re-assessing Human Origins)
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14 pages, 722 KiB  
Article
Were Neanderthals Rational? A Stoic Approach
by Kai Whiting, Leonidas Konstantakos, Greg Sadler and Christopher Gill
Humanities 2018, 7(2), 39; https://doi.org/10.3390/h7020039 - 21 Apr 2018
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 22718
Abstract
This paper adopts the philosophical approach of Stoicism as the basis for re-examining the cognitive and ethical relationship between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals. Stoicism sets out a clear criterion for the special moral status of human beings, namely rationality. We explore to what [...] Read more.
This paper adopts the philosophical approach of Stoicism as the basis for re-examining the cognitive and ethical relationship between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals. Stoicism sets out a clear criterion for the special moral status of human beings, namely rationality. We explore to what extent Neanderthals were sufficiently rational to be considered “human”. Recent findings in the fields of palaeoanthropology and palaeogenetics show that Neanderthals possessed high-level cognitive abilities and produced viable offspring with anatomically modern humans. Our discussion offers insights for reflecting on the relationship between humans and other forms of natural life and any moral obligations that result. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Re-assessing Human Origins)
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