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Authors = Kyle W. Proctor

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11 pages, 768 KiB  
Article
Agrivoltaics Align with Green New Deal Goals While Supporting Investment in the US’ Rural Economy
by Kyle W. Proctor, Ganti S. Murthy and Chad W. Higgins
Sustainability 2021, 13(1), 137; https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010137 - 25 Dec 2020
Cited by 69 | Viewed by 18502
Abstract
Agrivoltaic systems combine solar photovoltaic energy production with agriculture to improve land-use efficiency. We provide an upper-bound reduced-order cost estimate for widespread implementation of Agrivoltaic systems in the United States. We find that 20% of the US’ total electricity generation can be met [...] Read more.
Agrivoltaic systems combine solar photovoltaic energy production with agriculture to improve land-use efficiency. We provide an upper-bound reduced-order cost estimate for widespread implementation of Agrivoltaic systems in the United States. We find that 20% of the US’ total electricity generation can be met with Agrivoltaic systems if less than 1% of the annual US budget is invested into rural infrastructure. Simultaneously, Agrivoltaic systems align well with existing Green New Deal goals. Widescale installation of Agrivoltaic systems can lead to a carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions reduction equivalent to removing 71,000 cars from the road annually and the creation of over 100,000 jobs in rural communities. Agrivoltaics provide a rare chance for true synergy: more food, more energy, lower water demand, lower carbon emissions, and more prosperous rural communities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Supply Chain Management for Sustainable Agribusiness)
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12 pages, 2354 KiB  
Article
Effects of Phytoplankton Growth Phase on Settling Properties of Marine Aggregates
by Jennifer C. Prairie, Quinn W. Montgomery, Kyle W. Proctor and Kathryn S. Ghiorso
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2019, 7(8), 265; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7080265 - 10 Aug 2019
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4909
Abstract
Marine snow aggregates often dominate carbon export from the surface layer to the deep ocean. Therefore, understanding the formation and properties of aggregates is essential to the study of the biological pump. Previous studies have observed a relationship between phytoplankton growth phase and [...] Read more.
Marine snow aggregates often dominate carbon export from the surface layer to the deep ocean. Therefore, understanding the formation and properties of aggregates is essential to the study of the biological pump. Previous studies have observed a relationship between phytoplankton growth phase and the production of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP), the sticky particles secreted by phytoplankton that act as the glue during aggregate formation. In this experimental study, we aim to determine the effect of phytoplankton growth phase on properties related to aggregate settling. Cultures of the diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii were grown to four different growth phases and incubated in rotating cylindrical tanks to form aggregates. Aggregate excess density and delayed settling time through a sharp density gradient were quantified for the aggregates that were formed, and relative TEP concentration was measured for cultures before aggregate formation. Compared to the first growth phase, later phytoplankton growth phases were found to have higher relative TEP concentration and aggregates with lower excess densities and longer delayed settling times. These findings may suggest that, although particle concentrations are higher at later stages of phytoplankton blooms, aggregates may be less dense and sink slower, thus affecting carbon export. Full article
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