Search Results (3)

Objective: Many studies have shown that severe (hospitalized) bronchiolitis during infancy is a risk factor for developing childhood asthma. However, the population subgroups at the highest risk remain unclear. Using large nationwide pediatric cohort data, namely the NIH Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, we aimed to quantify the longitudinal relationship of bronchiolitis hospitalization during infancy with asthma in a generalizable dataset and to examine potential heterogeneity in terms of major demographics and clinical factors. Methods: We analyzed data from infants (age <12 months) enrolled in one of the 53 prospective cohort studies in the ECHO Program during 2001–2021. The exposure was bronchiolitis hospitalization during infancy. The outcome was a diagnosis of asthma by a physician by age 12 years. We examined their longitudinal association and determined the potential effect modifications of major demographic factors. Results: The analytic cohort consisted of 11,762 infants, 10% of whom had bronchiolitis hospitalization. Overall, 15% subsequently developed asthma. In the Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for 10 patient-level factors, compared with the no-bronchiolitis hospitalization group, the bronchiolitis hospitalization group had a significantly higher rate of asthma (14% vs. 24%, HR = 2.77, 95%CI = 2.24–3.43, p < 0.001). There was significant heterogeneity by race and ethnicity (P_interaction = 0.02). The magnitude of the association was greater in non-Hispanic White (HR = 3.77, 95%CI = 2.74–5.18, p < 0.001) and non-Hispanic Black (HR = 2.39, 95%CI = 1.60–3.56; p < 0.001) infants, compared with Hispanic infants (HR = 1.51, 95%CI = 0.77–2.95, p = 0.23). Conclusions: According to the nationwide cohort data, infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis are at a higher risk for asthma, with quantitative heterogeneity in different racial and ethnic groups. Full article

Organizations that leverage their increasing volume of geospatial data have the potential to enhance their strategic and organizational decisions. However, literature describing the best techniques to make decisions using geospatial data and the best approaches to take advantage of geospatial data’s unique visualization capabilities is limited. This paper reviews the use of geospatial visualization and its effects on decision performance, which is one of the many components of decision-making when using geospatial data. Additionally, this paper proposes a comprehensive model allowing researchers to better understand decision-making using geospatial data and provides a robust foundation for future research. Finally, this paper makes an argument for further research of information-presentation, task-characteristics, user-characteristics and their effects on decision-performance when utilizing geospatial data. Full article

Social network sites (SNSs) have attracted millions of users who interact with each other and with companies. However, few studies have examined the impact of knowledge sharing through electronic word of mouth (eWOM) in the context of SNSs. This paper investigates the relationship among the use of SNSs, users’ social capital, knowledge sharing, and eWOM. The results show that the intensity of use of SNSs is positively related to trust and identification which have a positive effect on eWOM quality. In addition, eWOM quality has a positive effect on knowledge sharing. Female users feel more strongly about eWOM quality when they trust others, or when they perceive that they belong to their SNS community when they use their SNS. Furthermore, female users feel more strongly about knowledge sharing when they perceive that eWOM quality is good. This study provides the theoretical framework of the relationship between eWOM and knowledge sharing on SNSs from the perspective of social capital. Practitioners could use this study as a rationale to utilize SNSs internally for organizational use, and externally for marketing purposes. Full article