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Authors = Francisco Louzada Neto

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8 pages, 729 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Portable, Low-Cost Autorefractor in School Students with Limited Eye Care Access in Northeastern Brazil
by Francisco Carlos de Castro Neto, Ricardo Noguera Louzada, Daniel Oliveira Dantas, Dillan Cunha Amaral, Claudio do Carmo Chaves Filho and Milton Ruiz Alves
Vision 2025, 9(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/vision9010017 - 27 Feb 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 730
Abstract
This study compared the refraction measurements of the ClickCheck™ device (CCD), Topcon KR-8000, and subjective clinical refractometry (SCR) in Brazilian public school students with limited access to eye care. Eighty-seven eyes of healthy students aged 7 to 17 underwent refractometry using the CCD, [...] Read more.
This study compared the refraction measurements of the ClickCheck™ device (CCD), Topcon KR-8000, and subjective clinical refractometry (SCR) in Brazilian public school students with limited access to eye care. Eighty-seven eyes of healthy students aged 7 to 17 underwent refractometry using the CCD, Topcon KR-8000, and SCR methods under cycloplegia, with only the right-eye data analyzed. For comparison, the measurements were converted into spherical equivalents (SEs) and vector magnitudes. The mean SE difference between CCD and Topcon KR-8000 was −0.27 ± 0.58 (p < 0.0001), while the vector magnitudes at the 90° and 135° meridians were −0.23 ± 0.55 (p = 0.0001) and +0.04 ± 0.47 (p = 0.2246), respectively, demonstrating no clinical relevance. Similarly, the mean SE difference between CCD and SCR was −0.18 ± 0.58 (p = 0.065), with vector magnitudes of −0.20 ± 0.50 (p = 0.0003) at 90° and +0.03 ± 0.46 (p = 0.3730) at 135°, also lacking clinical relevance. Despite statistically significant differences between the methods, the findings confirm strong agreement, validating CCD as an effective refractive assessment tool for children in low-resource settings. These methods can enhance access to refraction services in underserved populations. Full article
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15 pages, 13904 KiB  
Article
Entropy Analysis of High-Definition Transcranial Electric Stimulation Effects on EEG Dynamics
by Diego C. Nascimento, Gabriela Depetri, Luiz H. Stefano, Osvaldo Anacleto, Joao P. Leite, Dylan J. Edwards, Taiza E. G. Santos and Francisco Louzada Neto
Brain Sci. 2019, 9(8), 208; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9080208 - 20 Aug 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3869
Abstract
A foundation of medical research is time series analysis—the behavior of variables of interest with respect to time. Time series data are often analyzed using the mean, with statistical tests applied to mean differences, and has the assumption that data are stationary. Although [...] Read more.
A foundation of medical research is time series analysis—the behavior of variables of interest with respect to time. Time series data are often analyzed using the mean, with statistical tests applied to mean differences, and has the assumption that data are stationary. Although widely practiced, this method has limitations. Here we present an alternative statistical approach with sample analysis that provides a summary statistic accounting for the non-stationary nature of time series data. This work discusses the use of entropy as a measurement of the complexity of time series, in the context of Neuroscience, due to the non-stationary characteristic of the data. To elucidate our argument, we conducted entropy analysis on a sample of electroencephalographic (EEG) data from an interventional study using non-invasive electrical brain stimulation. We demonstrated that entropy analysis could identify intervention-related change in EEG data, supporting that entropy can be a useful “summary” statistic in non-linear dynamical systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Collection on Clinical Neuroscience)
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