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Search Results (3)

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Authors = Bianca Szkuta ORCID = 0000-0003-2272-5355

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13 pages, 930 KiB  
Article
Presence of Human DNA on Household Dogs and Its Bi-Directional Transfer
by Heidi Monkman, Bianca Szkuta and Roland A. H. van Oorschot
Genes 2023, 14(7), 1486; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14071486 - 21 Jul 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 5336
Abstract
Awareness of the factors surrounding the transfer of DNA from a person, item, or surface to another person, item, or surface is highly relevant during investigations of alleged criminal activity. Animals in domestic environments could be a victim, offender, or innocent party associated [...] Read more.
Awareness of the factors surrounding the transfer of DNA from a person, item, or surface to another person, item, or surface is highly relevant during investigations of alleged criminal activity. Animals in domestic environments could be a victim, offender, or innocent party associated with a crime. There is, however, very limited knowledge of human DNA transfer, persistence, prevalence, and recovery (DNA TPPR) associated with domestic animals. This pilot study aimed to improve our understanding of DNA TPPR associated with domestic dogs by collecting and analysing samples from various external areas of dogs of various breeds, interactions with humans, and living arrangements, and conducting a series of tests to investigate the possibility of dogs being vectors for the indirect transfer of human DNA. Reference DNA profiles from the dog owners and others living in the same residence were acquired to assist interpretation of the findings. The findings show that human DNA is prevalent on dogs, and in the majority of samples, two-person mixtures are present. Dogs were also found to be vectors for the transfer of human DNA, with DNA transferred from the dog to a gloved hand during patting and a sheet while walking. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Genetics and Genomics)
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35 pages, 1689 KiB  
Review
DNA Transfer in Forensic Science: Recent Progress towards Meeting Challenges
by Roland A. H. van Oorschot, Georgina E. Meakin, Bas Kokshoorn, Mariya Goray and Bianca Szkuta
Genes 2021, 12(11), 1766; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12111766 - 7 Nov 2021
Cited by 44 | Viewed by 12924
Abstract
Understanding the factors that may impact the transfer, persistence, prevalence and recovery of DNA (DNA-TPPR), and the availability of data to assign probabilities to DNA quantities and profile types being obtained given particular scenarios and circumstances, is paramount when performing, and giving guidance [...] Read more.
Understanding the factors that may impact the transfer, persistence, prevalence and recovery of DNA (DNA-TPPR), and the availability of data to assign probabilities to DNA quantities and profile types being obtained given particular scenarios and circumstances, is paramount when performing, and giving guidance on, evaluations of DNA findings given activity level propositions (activity level evaluations). In late 2018 and early 2019, three major reviews were published on aspects of DNA-TPPR, with each advocating the need for further research and other actions to support the conduct of DNA-related activity level evaluations. Here, we look at how challenges are being met, primarily by providing a synopsis of DNA-TPPR-related articles published since the conduct of these reviews and briefly exploring some of the actions taken by industry stakeholders towards addressing identified gaps. Much has been carried out in recent years, and efforts continue, to meet the challenges to continually improve the capacity of forensic experts to provide the guidance sought by the judiciary with respect to the transfer of DNA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Forensic Genetics)
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16 pages, 264 KiB  
Review
Challenges in Human Skin Microbial Profiling for Forensic Science: A Review
by Ana Neckovic, Roland A. H. van Oorschot, Bianca Szkuta and Annalisa Durdle
Genes 2020, 11(9), 1015; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes11091015 - 28 Aug 2020
Cited by 28 | Viewed by 7697
Abstract
The human microbiome is comprised of the microbes that live on and within an individual, as well as immediately surrounding them. Microbial profiling may have forensic utility in the identification or association of individuals with criminal activities, using microbial signatures derived from a [...] Read more.
The human microbiome is comprised of the microbes that live on and within an individual, as well as immediately surrounding them. Microbial profiling may have forensic utility in the identification or association of individuals with criminal activities, using microbial signatures derived from a personal microbiome. This review highlights some important aspects of recent studies, many of which have revealed issues involving the effect of contamination of microbial samples from both technical and environmental sources and their impacts on microbiome research and the potential forensic applications of microbial profiling. It is imperative that these challenges be discussed and evaluated within a forensic context to better understand the future directions and potential applications of microbial profiling for human identification. It is necessary that the limitations identified be resolved prior to the adoption of microbial profiling, or, at a minimum, acknowledged by those applying this new approach. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Forensic Genetics and Genomics)
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