Mechanical, Corrosion, and Ion Release Studies of Ti-34Nb-6Sn Alloy with Comparable to the Bone Elastic Modulus by Powder Metallurgy Method
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials’ Preparation
2.2. Physical Characterization
2.3. Mechanical Properties by Compressive Test
2.4. Corrosion Susceptibility and Ion Release Evaluation
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
- Both conditions, A and B, were mainly constituted by α, β and Nb phases. Condition B showed a slight increment of β phase content and decrement of total porosity.
- In comparison with condition A, the mechanical assessment showed increments of 30% and 12% of the yield and ultimate strength in condition B, respectively. The YS values for both conditions (245 to 318 MPa) were above those reported for human bone. The elastic moduli of both conditions (14.06 to 18.82 GPa) were similar to those reported for cortical bone.
- After the immersion in Fusayama artificial saliva, both conditions showed levels of Ti, Nb and Sn ions’ release within the acceptable ranges for the human body. The presence of Nb particles distributed along the microstructure of conditions A and B could influence the occurrence of intergranular cracking during the ion release tests.
- Through the electrochemical study of both conditions, condition B showed a lower corrosion rate (0.74 µm/year) in comparison with condition A (1.14 µm/year). This could be related to the lower total porosity percentage in condition B.
- Based on the previous results, both conditions showed adequate mechanical, ion release and corrosion performance for being employed as biomaterials for orthopedic implants. Specific tests must be performed in different environments to determine the performance of this alloy in different areas of the human body.
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Condition | Compaction Pressure (MPa) | Experimental Density (g/cm3) | Relative Density, ρ/ρs | Total Porosity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | 100 | 4.02 ± 0.11 | 0.73 ± 0.01 | 26 ± 0.8 |
B | 200 | 4.24 ± 0.07 | 0.78 ± 0.02 | 22 ± 0.5 |
Condition | Elastic Modulus, E (GPa) | Yield Strength, YS (MPa) | Strain-Hardening Coefficient, n | Ultimate Compressive Strength, UCS (MPa) | Specific Elastic Modulus, E/ρs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | 14.1 ± 3.7 | 244.9 ± 33.7 | 2.7 ± 0.2 | 590.0 ± 75.7 | 3.6 ± 0.5 |
B | 18.8 ± 7.2 | 318.6 ± 45.5 | 4.8 ± 0.9 | 660.0 ± 93.1 | 4.4 ± 0.6 |
Condition | Units | Ti | Nb | Sn | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A | µg/L | 556 ± 386 | 123 ± 13.7 | 72 ± 27 | 751 |
μg cm−2 day−1 | 6.35 ± 0.12 | 1.40 ± 0.12 | 0.89 ± 0.33 | 8.64 | |
% | 74 | 16 | 10 | 100 | |
B | µg/L | 618 ± 144 | 253 ± 150 | 117 ± 89 | 988 |
μg cm−2 day−1 | 7.05 ± 0.39 | 2.88 ± 0.52 | 1.45 ± 0.43 | 11.44 | |
% | 62 | 26 | 12 | 100 |
Condition | Corrosion Current Density, Icorr (A/cm2) | Corrosion Potential, Ecorr (V) | Polarization Resistance, Rp (kΩ) | Corrosion Rate (µm/year) |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | 1.62 × 10−5 | −0.72 | 1.55 | 1.14 |
B | 1.05 × 10−5 | −0.5 | 2.39 | 0.74 |
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Correa-Rossi, M.; Romero-Resendiz, L.; Leal-Bayerlein, D.; Garcia-Alves, A.L.; Segovia-López, F.; Amigó-Borrás, V. Mechanical, Corrosion, and Ion Release Studies of Ti-34Nb-6Sn Alloy with Comparable to the Bone Elastic Modulus by Powder Metallurgy Method. Powders 2022, 1, 3-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/powders1010002
Correa-Rossi M, Romero-Resendiz L, Leal-Bayerlein D, Garcia-Alves AL, Segovia-López F, Amigó-Borrás V. Mechanical, Corrosion, and Ion Release Studies of Ti-34Nb-6Sn Alloy with Comparable to the Bone Elastic Modulus by Powder Metallurgy Method. Powders. 2022; 1(1):3-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/powders1010002
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorrea-Rossi, Mariana, Liliana Romero-Resendiz, Daniel Leal-Bayerlein, Ana Liz Garcia-Alves, Francisco Segovia-López, and Vicente Amigó-Borrás. 2022. "Mechanical, Corrosion, and Ion Release Studies of Ti-34Nb-6Sn Alloy with Comparable to the Bone Elastic Modulus by Powder Metallurgy Method" Powders 1, no. 1: 3-17. https://doi.org/10.3390/powders1010002