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Article

Impact of COVID-19 on the Risk of Coronary Stent Thrombosis and Restenosis: A Retrospective Angiographic Study

by
Diana Ygiyeva
1,
Gulnara Batenova
1,
Tatyana Belikhina
2,*,
Andrey Orekhov
3,*,
Maksim Pivin
4,
Zhanerke Biakhmetova
1,
Laila Sadykova
1,
Adilzhan Zhumagaliyev
1 and
Lyudmila Pivina
1
1
Department of Emergency Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan
2
Board for Strategic Development, Scientific and Educational Activities, National Research Oncology Center, Astana 020000, Kazakhstan
3
Department of Internal Medicine, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan
4
Medical Center Hospital of the President’s Affairs Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Astana 020017, Kazakhstan
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
COVID 2025, 5(10), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5100168 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 26 August 2025 / Revised: 25 September 2025 / Accepted: 30 September 2025 / Published: 4 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Section COVID Clinical Manifestations and Management)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: The aim of our study is to assess the risk factors for the development of coronary artery stent thrombosis and restenosis, as well as the main localization of these processes in patients who underwent repeated coronary revascularization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: Data were retrospectively analyzed from 490 patients who underwent coronary angiography and required repeat revascularization from May 2020 to May 2023. The prevalence and anatomical distribution of coronary stenosis, restenosis, and stent thrombosis were assessed. Results: Coronary artery stenosis was detected in 46.9% of patients. The most affected arteries were the left anterior descending (13.7%), right coronary artery (15.1%), and circumflex branch (9.4%). In-stent restenosis was observed in 19.0% of cases. Coronary thrombosis occurred in 22.8% of patients, while stent thrombosis was found in 11.2%. Multivariate regression revealed that leukocyte count (OR = 1.18, p < 0.05), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTP) (OR = 1.021, p = 0.025), low-density lipoproteins (LDL) (OR = 1.421, p = 0.042), and prior COVID-19 infection (OR = 2.05, p = 0.038) were significant predictors of stent thrombosis. The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR = 0.959, p = 0.017) and hemoglobin levels (OR = 0.975, p = 0.014) have inverse association with risk of stent thrombosis. Conclusion: COVID-19 history is a strong independent risk factor for coronary stent thrombosis, alongside inflammatory and coagulation markers.
Keywords: COVID-19; coronary artery restenosis; stent thrombosis; myocardial revascularization; neointimal hyperplasia; vascular inflammation; hypercoagulability COVID-19; coronary artery restenosis; stent thrombosis; myocardial revascularization; neointimal hyperplasia; vascular inflammation; hypercoagulability

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ygiyeva, D.; Batenova, G.; Belikhina, T.; Orekhov, A.; Pivin, M.; Biakhmetova, Z.; Sadykova, L.; Zhumagaliyev, A.; Pivina, L. Impact of COVID-19 on the Risk of Coronary Stent Thrombosis and Restenosis: A Retrospective Angiographic Study. COVID 2025, 5, 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5100168

AMA Style

Ygiyeva D, Batenova G, Belikhina T, Orekhov A, Pivin M, Biakhmetova Z, Sadykova L, Zhumagaliyev A, Pivina L. Impact of COVID-19 on the Risk of Coronary Stent Thrombosis and Restenosis: A Retrospective Angiographic Study. COVID. 2025; 5(10):168. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5100168

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ygiyeva, Diana, Gulnara Batenova, Tatyana Belikhina, Andrey Orekhov, Maksim Pivin, Zhanerke Biakhmetova, Laila Sadykova, Adilzhan Zhumagaliyev, and Lyudmila Pivina. 2025. "Impact of COVID-19 on the Risk of Coronary Stent Thrombosis and Restenosis: A Retrospective Angiographic Study" COVID 5, no. 10: 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5100168

APA Style

Ygiyeva, D., Batenova, G., Belikhina, T., Orekhov, A., Pivin, M., Biakhmetova, Z., Sadykova, L., Zhumagaliyev, A., & Pivina, L. (2025). Impact of COVID-19 on the Risk of Coronary Stent Thrombosis and Restenosis: A Retrospective Angiographic Study. COVID, 5(10), 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/covid5100168

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