Socioeconomic Differences between Sexes in Surgically Treated Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Ulnar Nerve Entrapment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
3.2. Ulnar Nerve Entrapment at the Elbow
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Women (n = 5988) | Men (n = 3012) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years; mean, 95% CI) | 55 (55–56) | 59 (58–60) | <0.0001 |
Diabetes at surgery (n, %) | 715 (12) | 544 (18) | <0.0001 |
Tertiary education (n, %) | 2827 (47) | 1164 (39) | <0.0001 |
Mean annual earnings, SEK 1000 (mean, 95% CI) | 174 (171–177) | 248 (243–254) | <0.0001 |
Born outside Sweden (n, %) | 1108 (19) | 403 (13) | <0.0001 |
Manual occupation (n, %) | 2288 (38) | 1203 (40) | 0.001 |
Unemployed days (mean/year; mean, 95% CI) | 12 (12–13) | 14 (13–15) | 0.001 |
Social assistance (total amount; SEK 100, mean, 95% CI) | 212 (185–239) | 173 (134–211) | <0.001 |
Sick leave (mean days/employed year; mean, 95% CI) | 42 (38–45) | 24 (22–26) | <0.0001 |
Preoperative QuickDASH score (median, IQR) | 55 (39–68) n = 2342 | 43 (27–59) n = 1241 | <0.0001 |
Postoperative QuickDASH score at 12 months (median, IQR) | 20 (5–41) n = 1379 | 11 (2–34) n = 653 | <0.0001 |
Women (n = 556) | Men (n = 270) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Unstandardized B-Coefficient (95% Confidence Interval) | p-Value | Unstandardized B-Coefficient (95% Confidence Interval) | p-Value | |
Age at surgery (years) | 0.13 (−0.06–0.33) | 0.17 | −0.18 (−0.45–0.13) | 0.25 |
Diabetes at surgery | 3.4 (−2.0–8.7) | 0.22 | 2.3 (−4.5–9.1) | 0.51 |
Migrant status | ||||
Born in Sweden (reference) | ||||
Born outside Sweden | 8.5 (3.1–13.8) | 0.002 | −0.01 (−9.1–9.0) | 1.0 |
Occupation | ||||
Nonmanual work (reference) | ||||
Manual work | −1.6 (−6.2–3.0) | 0.49 | −0.3 (−7.8–7.1) | 0.93 |
Level of education | ||||
Low (reference) | ||||
Middle | −4.9 (−10.3–0.3) | 0.07 | −3.4 (−9.8–2.9) | 0.29 |
High | −10.5 (−16.2–−4.8) | <0.001 | −0.75 (−8.2–6.7) | 0.84 |
Earnings (mean/year) | ||||
≤39,100 (reference) | ||||
39,200–183,100 | −6.9 (−13.1–−0.7) | 0.029 | −7.5 (−18.6–3.6) | 0.18 |
183,200–280,700 | −7.1 (−14.0–−0.2) | 0.045 | −13.3 (−24.7–−1.9) | 0.022 |
>280,800 | −10.3 (−18.5–−2.1) | 0.014 | −16.5 (−28.6–−4.4) | 0.008 |
Social assistance (total amount, SEK 100) | 0.007 (0.0–0.01) | 0.052 | 0.008 (0.0–0.02) | 0.056 |
Unemployment (mean days/year) | 0.065 (−0.038–0.17) | 0.22 | −0.08 (−0.23–0.06) | 0.26 |
Sick leave (mean days/year) | 0.06 (0.02–0.1) | 0.003 | 0.10 (0.02–0.18) | 0.019 |
Women (n = 604) | Men (n = 662) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years; mean, 95% CI) | 51 (40–52) | 53 (52–54) | 0.004 |
Diabetes at surgery (n, %) | 57 (9) | 91 (14) | 0.018 |
Tertiary education (n, %) | 161 (27) | 146 (22) | 0.066 |
Mean annual earnings, SEK 1000 (mean, 95% CI) | 148 (138–159) | 206 (197–220) | <0.0001 |
Born outside Sweden (n, %) | 101 (17) | 113 (17) | 0.88 |
Manual occupation (n, %) | 215 (36) | 275 (42) | 0.033 |
Unemployed days (mean/year; mean, 95% CI) | 17 (15–19) | 21 (18–23) | 0.027 |
Social assistance (total amount, SEK 100, mean, 95% CI) | 581 (406–756) | 376 (264–488) | 0.021 |
Sick leave (mean days/employed year, mean, 95% CI) | 33 (30–36) | 23 (21–26) | <0.0001 |
Preoperative QuickDASH score (median, IQR) | 59 (43–73) (n = 199) | 43 (25–59) (n = 227) | <0.001 |
Postoperative QuickDASH score at 12 months (median, IQR) | 41 (18–61) (n = 161) | 30 (9–52) (n = 140) | 0.002 |
Women (n = 122) | Men (n = 110) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted B- Coefficient (95% ConfidenceInterval) | p-Value | Unadjusted B- Coefficient (95% Confidence Interval) | p-Value | |
Age at surgery (years) | 0.2 (−0.2–0.7) | 0.34 | 0.60 (0.06–1.1) | 0.031 |
Diabetes at surgery | −11.5 (−27.3–4.2) | 0.15 | 8.4 (−2.8–19.7) | 0.14 |
Migrant status | ||||
Born in Sweden (reference) | ||||
Born outside Sweden | −0.35 (−15.6–14.9) | 0.15 | −0.29 (−14.1–13.6) | 0.97 |
Occupation | ||||
Non-manual work (reference) | ||||
Manual work | −8.9 (−19.1–1.4) | 0.089 | 5.4 (−4.1–15.0) | 0.26 |
Level of education | ||||
Low (reference) | ||||
Middle | −3.4 (−14.9–8.1) | 0.57 | 2.7 (−9.1–14.6) | 0.65 |
High | −9.3 (−22.7–4.2) | 0.18 | −4.5 (−17.8–8.7) | 0.50 |
Earnings (mean/year) | ||||
≤39,100 (reference) | ||||
39,200–183,100 | −10.9 (−26.5–4.6) | 0.14 | 1.6 (−18.2–21.4) | 0.87 |
183,200–280,700 | −9.7 (−26.5–7.1) | 0.25 | 7.0 (−12.5–26.5) | 0.48 |
>280,800 | −16.7 (−34.0- 0.7) | 0.06 | 3.6 (−15.1–22.3) | 0.70 |
Social assistance (total amount, SEK 100) | 0.5 (−0.9–1.8) | 0.49 | 1.0 (−0.52–2.6) | 0.19 |
Unemployment (mean days/year) | 0.01 (−0.27–0.29) | 0.93 | −0.02 (−0.2–0.2) | 0.85 |
Sick leave (mean days/year) | 0.14 (−0.02–0.29) | 0.084 | 0.25 (0.09–0.4) | 0.003 |
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Zimmerman, M.; Anker, I.; Nyman, E. Socioeconomic Differences between Sexes in Surgically Treated Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Ulnar Nerve Entrapment. Epidemiologia 2022, 3, 353-362. https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia3030027
Zimmerman M, Anker I, Nyman E. Socioeconomic Differences between Sexes in Surgically Treated Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Ulnar Nerve Entrapment. Epidemiologia. 2022; 3(3):353-362. https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia3030027
Chicago/Turabian StyleZimmerman, Malin, Ilka Anker, and Erika Nyman. 2022. "Socioeconomic Differences between Sexes in Surgically Treated Carpal Tunnel Syndrome and Ulnar Nerve Entrapment" Epidemiologia 3, no. 3: 353-362. https://doi.org/10.3390/epidemiologia3030027