Examination of Long-Term Diseases, Conditions, Self-Control, and Self-Management in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Research Design and Participants
2.2. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
2.3. Data Collection Tools
2.4. Personal Information Form
2.5. Post-Kidney Transplant Diseases and Conditions Assessment Form
2.6. Self-Control and Self-Management Scale
2.7. Charlson Comorbidity Index
2.8. Statistical Analysis
2.9. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Descriptive Characteristics | n | % | SCMSS Score |
---|---|---|---|
Age | |||
Between 18 and 30 years (1) | 30 | 23.1 | 70.33 ± 12.69 |
Between 31 and 45 years (2) | 52 | 40 | 74.75 ± 13.73 |
Between 46 and 64 years (3) | 40 | 30.8 | 69.17 ± 12.77 |
65 years and above (4) | 8 | 6.2 | 69.3 ± 10.18 |
Test and value | F = 0.553, p = 0.017 * | ||
Post Hoc | 2 > 1, 3, 4 | ||
Gender | |||
Female | 59 | 45.4 | 69.5 ± 13.25 |
Male | 71 | 54.6 | 70.11 ± 10.48 |
Test and value | t = 0.084, p = 0.772 | ||
Marital Status | |||
Single | 57 | 43.8 | 69.75 ± 11.43 |
Married | 73 | 56.2 | 69.94 ± 12.3 |
Test and value | t = 0.009, p = 0.926 | ||
Educational Level | |||
Primary school | 40 | 30.8 | 68.15 ± 13.04 |
High school | 45 | 34.6 | 70.57 ± 10.96 |
University and above | 45 | 34.6 | 69.57 ± 11.33 |
Test and value | F = 0.441, p = 0.779 | ||
Income level | |||
Higher income (1) | 19 | 14.6 | 70.31 ± 8.66 |
Middle income (2) | 66 | 50.8 | 71.9 ± 11.36 |
Low income (3) | 45 | 34.6 | 66.6 ± 12.96 |
Test and value | F = 2.813, p = 0.014 * | ||
Post Hoc | 1, 2 > 3 | ||
Employment status | |||
Retired | 34 | 26.2 | 69.55 ± 11.13 |
Unemployed | 39 | 30 | 70.43 ± 13 |
Employed | 57 | 43.8 | 69.59 ± 11.45 |
Test and value | F = 0.071, p = 0.932 | ||
Organ Donor | |||
Cadaveric | 24 | 18.5 | 69.27 ± 11.56 |
Alive | 106 | 81.5 | 71.33 ± 12.64 |
Test and value | t = 0.324, p = 0.252 | ||
Graft rejection | |||
Yes | 14 | 10.8 | 67.33 ± 9.99 |
No | 116 | 90.2 | 72.41 ± 10.24 |
Test and Value | t = 0.023, p = 0.023 * | ||
Immunosuppressive drug use | |||
Yes | 130 | 100 | - |
Mean Values | |||
Charlson comorbidity index (mean ± SD) | 3.79 ± 1.47 | (Min 1, max 6) | |
Age (mean ± SD) | 42.24 ± 13.99 | (Min 18 years, max 72 years) | |
Length of hospital stay (mean ± SD) | 16 ± 5.71 days | (Min 3 days, max 32 days) | |
Time after kidney transplant (mean ± SD) | 9.17 ± 5.65 years | (Min 1 years, max 20 years) |
Diseases and Conditions a | n | % |
---|---|---|
Cardiovascular | ||
Heart failure | 35 | 26.9 |
Hyperlipidemia | 21 | 16.2 |
Hypertension | 60 | 46.2 |
Hypotension | 7 | 5.4 |
Palpitation | 32 | 24.6 |
Endocrine | ||
Diabetes mellitus | 14 | 10.8 |
Thyroid, pancreas, liver problems | 14 | 10.8 |
Respiratory | ||
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma | 12 | 9.2 |
Chest pain | 13 | 10.0 |
Pneumonia | 30 | 23.1 |
Gastrointestinal | ||
Nausea/vomiting | 17 | 13.1 |
Constipation | 16 | 12.3 |
Diarrhea | 25 | 19.3 |
Heartburn | 46 | 35.4 |
Increased appetite | 63 | 48.5 |
Decreased appetite | 14 | 10.8 |
Disruption of the oral mucosa | 9 | 6.9 |
Dental problems | 45 | 34.6 |
Gum problems | 42 | 32.3 |
Musculoskeletal | ||
Muscle cramps, osteoporosis, arthritis | 32 | 24.6 |
Osteopenia | 19 | 14.6 |
Hematologic | ||
Anemia | 25 | 19.2 |
Renal | ||
Urinary system infection | 51 | 39.2 |
Kidney stone, tumor, prostatic hyperplasia | 13 | 10 |
Urea/creatinine elevation | 32 | 24.6 |
Acute kidney failure | 34 | 26.2 |
Kidney rejection | 14 | 10.8 |
Incision site and Skin | ||
Delay in surgical wound healing (bleeding, hematoma, wound dehiscence) | 7 | 5.4 |
Common skin changes (redness, discoloration, bruising, cracks) | 37 | 28.5 |
Dry skin and rash | 45 | 34.6 |
Neuropsychiatric | ||
Stroke, cerebrovascular disease | 3 | 2.3 |
Sleeping disorders | 30 | 23.1 |
Clouding of consciousness | 11 | 8.5 |
Difficulty concentrating | 29 | 22.3 |
Memory deterioration | 9 | 6.9 |
Vertigo | 14 | 10.8 |
Tiredness | 71 | 54.6 |
Unrest | 35 | 26.9 |
Anxiety | 19 | 14.6 |
Hopelessness | 26 | 20 |
Social isolation | 30 | 23.1 |
Loneliness | 27 | 20.8 |
Sexual dysfunction | 35 | 26.9 |
Other | ||
Pain | 65 | 50 |
Dehydration | 6 | 4.6 |
Other (COVID-19, drug interaction, bronchiectasis, amyloidosis) | 7 | 5.4 |
Scales and Subscales | Items | Mean ± SD | Min. | Max. | CCI Score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SCMSS Total Score | 1–16 | 69.83 ± 11.77 | 31 | 91 | r = −0.403, p = 0.011 * |
Self-monitoring | 1–6 | 29.51 ± 5.11 | 11 | 36 | r = −0.511, p = 0.0321 * |
Self-evaluating | 7–11 a | 17.25 ± 6.07 | 0 | 25 | r = 0.048, p = 0.552 |
Self-reinforcing | 12–16 | 23.06 ± 5.23 | 5 | 30 | r = −0.021, p = 0.000 ** |
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Simsek Yaban, Z.; Bulbuloglu, S. Examination of Long-Term Diseases, Conditions, Self-Control, and Self-Management in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplantology 2025, 6, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/transplantology6020013
Simsek Yaban Z, Bulbuloglu S. Examination of Long-Term Diseases, Conditions, Self-Control, and Self-Management in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplantology. 2025; 6(2):13. https://doi.org/10.3390/transplantology6020013
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimsek Yaban, Zuleyha, and Semra Bulbuloglu. 2025. "Examination of Long-Term Diseases, Conditions, Self-Control, and Self-Management in Kidney Transplant Recipients" Transplantology 6, no. 2: 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/transplantology6020013
APA StyleSimsek Yaban, Z., & Bulbuloglu, S. (2025). Examination of Long-Term Diseases, Conditions, Self-Control, and Self-Management in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplantology, 6(2), 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/transplantology6020013