Risk Factors for Voice Disorders among Fado Singers: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Singing and Risk
1.2. Fado and Its Voices
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Sample
2.2. Questionnaire Development
2.3. Questionnaire Fulfillment
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Categories | Statistics | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 52 (46.8%) | |
Female | 59 (53.2%) | ||
Age (years) | min-max | 18–74 | |
av (st.dev) | 42.2 (16.5) | ||
95% CI | |||
Voice Problems (past/present) | yes | 45 (40.5%) | 31.9%–49.9% |
Satisfaction with voice quality | yes | 98 (88.3%) | 80.9%–93.6% |
Variable | Categories | n (%) | Me (P25–P75) |
---|---|---|---|
Vocal fatigue after performances | Never | 21 (18.9%) | Occasionally (Occasionally–Sometimes) |
Occasionally | 49 (44.1%) | ||
Sometimes | 36 (32.4%) | ||
Often | 4 (3.6%) | ||
Always | 1 (0.9%) | ||
Use of voice amplification system | Never | 12 (10.8%) | Occasionally (Occasionally–Sometimes) |
Occasionally | 44 (39.6%) | ||
Sometimes | 42 (37.8%) | ||
Often | 12 (10.8%) | ||
Always | 1 (0.9%) | ||
Previous smoking habits | No | 82 (73.9%) | |
Yes | 29 (26.1%) | ||
Nose-related disorders, Decongestants, or Antihistamines | No | 87 (78.4%) | |
Yes | 24 (21.6%) | ||
Corticosteroids | No | 94 (84.7%) | |
Yes | 17 (15.3%) | ||
Oral contraceptive or hormone replacement therapy | No | 98 (88.3%) | |
Yes | 13 (11.7%) | ||
Water intake during performances | Stop | 5 (4.5%) | Increases (Maintains–Increases) |
Decreases | 9 (8.1%) | ||
Maintains | 23 (20.7%) | ||
Increases | 49 (44.1%) | ||
Increases a lot | 25 (22.5%) | ||
Has any disease and/or takes medicines | No | 42 (37.8%) | |
Yes | 69 (62.2%) | ||
Having asthma or taking medications | No | 102 (91.9%) | |
Yes | 9 (8.1%) | ||
Vocal behavior strategies to overcome voice problems | No | 73 (65.8%) | |
Yes | 38 (34.2%) |
Voice Problems | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Covariate | Category | No | Yes | p | OR (95% CI OR) |
Gender | Male | 36 (54.5) | 16 (35.6) | 1 | |
Female | 30 (45.5) | 29 (64.4) | 0.051 | 2.175 (0.998–4.741) | |
Age | <40 years | 37 (56.1) | 23 (51.1) | 1 | |
≥40 years | 29 (43.9) | 22 (48.9) | 0.608 | 1.22 (0.571–2.610) | |
Vocal fatigue after performances | Never/Occasionally | 47 (71.2) | 23 (51.1) | 1 | |
at least Sometimes | 19 (28.8) | 22 (48.9) | 0.033 | 2.366 (1.073–5.218) | |
Use of voice amplification system | Never/Occasionally | 37 (56.1) | 19 (42.2) | 1 | |
at least Sometimes | 29 (43.9) | 26 (57.8) | 0.154 | 1.746 (0.812–3.754) | |
Previous smoking habits | No | 53 (80.3) | 29 (64.4) | 1 | |
Yes | 13 (19.7) | 16 (35.6) | 0.065 | 2.249 (0.951–5.318) | |
Water intake during performances | Maintains or increases a lot | 55 (83.3) | 42 (93.3) | 1 | |
Stop or Decreases | 11 (16.7) | 3 (6.7) | 0.132 | 0.357 (0.094–1.362) | |
Has any disease and/or takes medicines | No | 25 (37.9) | 17 (37.8) | 1 | |
Yes | 41 (62.1) | 28 (62.2) | 0.991 | 1.004 (0.460–2.194) | |
Nose-related disorders, use of decongestants or antihistamines | No | 56 (84.8) | 31 (68.9) | 1 | |
Yes | 10 (15.2) | 14 (31.1) | 0.049 | 2.529 (1.005–6.362) | |
Having asthma or taking medications | No | 63 (95.5) | 39 (86.7) | 1 | |
Yes | 3 (4.5) | 6 (13.3) | 0.111 | 3.231 (0.764–13.667) | |
Corticosteroids | No | 29 (43.9 | 28 (62.2) | 1 | |
Yes | 37 (56.1) | 17 (37.8) | 0.102 | 0.523 (0.242–1.128) | |
Oral contraceptive or hormone replacement therapy | No | 62 (93.9) | 36 (80) | 1 | |
Yes | 4 (6.1) | 9 (20) | 0.033 | 3.875 (1.113–13.489) | |
Vocal behavior strategies to overcome voice problems | No | 47 (71.2) | 26 (57.8) | 1 | |
Yes | 19 (28.8) | 19 (42.2) | 0.145 | 1.808 (0.815–4.008) |
Covariable | p | OR (95% CI OR) |
---|---|---|
Vocal fatigue after performances (YES) | 0.023 | 2.868 (1.157–7.109) |
Previous smoking habits (YES) | 0.006 | 3.955 (1.488–10.515) |
Nose-related disorders, Decongestants or Antihistamines (YES) | 0.011 | 5.552 (1.481–20.817) |
Corticosteroids (YES) | 0.057 | 0.219 (0.046–1.048) |
Oral contraception or hormone replacement therapy (YES) | 0.026 | 4.955 (1.210–20.293) |
Constant | <0.001 | 0.216 |
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Pestana, P.; Vaz-Freitas, S.; Manso, M.C. Risk Factors for Voice Disorders among Fado Singers: A Cross-Sectional Study. J. Otorhinolaryngol. Hear. Balance Med. 2023, 4, 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/ohbm4010005
Pestana P, Vaz-Freitas S, Manso MC. Risk Factors for Voice Disorders among Fado Singers: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine. 2023; 4(1):5. https://doi.org/10.3390/ohbm4010005
Chicago/Turabian StylePestana, Pedro, Susana Vaz-Freitas, and Maria Conceição Manso. 2023. "Risk Factors for Voice Disorders among Fado Singers: A Cross-Sectional Study" Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine 4, no. 1: 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/ohbm4010005
APA StylePestana, P., Vaz-Freitas, S., & Manso, M. C. (2023). Risk Factors for Voice Disorders among Fado Singers: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine, 4(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.3390/ohbm4010005