Occupational COVID-19 Prevention among Congolese Healthcare Workers: Knowledge, Practices, PPE Compliance, and Safety Imperatives
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design, Sites, and Participants
2.2. Survey Questionnaire and Data Collection
2.3. Ethical Approval
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic Characteristics of the Participants
3.2. Knowledge of Congolese Health Care Workers about COVID-19
3.3. Attitudes and Practices of Health Care Workers towards COVID-19
3.4. KAPs’ Determinants among Congolese Healthcare Workers
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Participants (%) |
---|---|
Gender | |
Male | 312 (50.9) |
Female | 301 (49.1) |
Age, mean ± SD | 40.31 ± 11.67 |
<25 years | 29 (4.7) |
25–40 years | 386 (63.0) |
˃40 years | 198 (32.3) |
Marital status | |
Married | 408 (66.6) |
Unmarried and widowed | 205 (33.4) |
Occupation | |
Doctor | 167 (27.2) |
Nurses | 332 (54.2) |
Laboratory technician and medical biologist | 58 (9.5) |
Pharmacist | 23 (3.8) |
Administrator–manager | 21 (3.4) |
Dentist | 8 (1.3) |
Midwife | 4 (0.7) |
Years of working experience | |
≤10 | 328 (53.5) |
˃10 | 285 (46.5) |
Town of residence | |
Lubumbashi (Haut-Katanga province) | 334 (54.5) |
Kamina (Haut-Lomami province) | 102 (16.6) |
Mbuji-Mayi (Kasai-oriental province) | 177 (28.9) |
Heard about novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) | |
Yes | 609 (99.3) |
No | 4 (0.7) |
Attended lecture/discussion on Covid-19 | |
Yes | 257 (41.9) |
No | 356 (58.1) |
Items | All HCWs | Doctors | Other HCWs | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. Common symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection | 509 (83.0) | 149 (89.2) | 360 (80.7) | 0.013 |
2. Clinical difference between COVID-19 and other lung disease symptoms | 286 (46.7) | 69 (41.3) | 217 (48.7) | 0.105 |
3. Currently, in absence of effective cure, symptomatic and supportive treatments help most patients to recover | 521(85.0) | 150 (89.8) | 371 (83.8) | 0.041 |
4. Not all infected persons develop severe disease; elderly and people with chronic conditions are likely to develop severe disease | 448 (73.1) | 120 (71.9) | 328 (73.5) | 0.675 |
5. Eating or getting in contact with wild animals as one risk factor for COVID-19 infection | 277 (45.2) | 91 (54.5) | 186 (41.7) | 0.005 |
6. In absence of fever, a person with COVID-19 may not transmit the virus to others | 403 (65.7) | 140 (83.8) | 263 (59.0) | 0.000 |
7. COVID-19 spreading via respiratory droplets of infected individuals | 567 (92.5) | 160 (95.8) | 407 (91.3) | 0.057 |
8. For ordinary residents, wearing general medical masks can prevent COVID-19 infection | 481(78.5) | 126 (75.4) | 355 (79.6) | 0.266 |
9. Strict adherence to COVID-19 prevention guidelines may not totally be applicable to children and young adults | 180 (29.4) | 40 (24.0) | 140 (31.4) | 0.072 |
10. Avoiding crowded places and public transportation as a way to prevent COVID-19 infection | 566 (92.3) | 155 (92.8) | 411 (92.2) | 0.784 |
11. Isolation and treatment of COVID-19-infected persons are effective ways to reduce the spread of the virus | 590 (96.2) | 164 (98.2) | 426 (95.5) | 0.119 |
12. People having contact with COVID-19 patient are to be isolated for at least 14 days. | 573 (93.5) | 159 (95.2) | 414 (92.8) | 0.287 |
Variables | Knowledge | Attitudes | Practices | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aOR (SE) | 95%CI | aOR (SE) | 95%CI | aOR (SE) | 95%CI | |
Gender (F vs. M) | 0.45 (1.62) | 0.22–0.91 | 0.65 (0.12) | 0.46-0.93 | 1.03 (0.17) | 0.74–1.44 |
Age (>40 y vs. 40 y or older) | 1.08 (0.31) | 1.01–1.14 | 1.02 (0.16) | 0.99-1.06 | 1.01 (0.01) | 0.99–1.03 |
Occupation (doctor vs. others) | 0.97 (0.12) | 0.76–1.24 | 0.82 (0.59) | 0.72-0.94 | 0.85 (0.58) | 0.74–0.97 |
Working experience | 0.96 (0.31) | 0.91–1.03 | 0.97 (0.16) | 0.93–1.04 | 1.02 (0.15) | 0.98–1.03 |
Category of residence (town without/with COVID-19 cases) | 0.46 (0.93) | 0.31–0.69 | 1.64 (0.18) # | 1.32–2.05 | 2.79 (0.28) # | 1.93–4.06 |
Information: social media | 1.69 (0.56) * | 1.87–3.25 | 1.15 (0.43) | 0.86–2.63 | 1.43 (0.24) * | 1.02–2.17 |
Information: family or friend | 1.93 (0.74) # | 2.90–4.11 | 0.89 (0.19) | 0.58–1.36 | 1.71 (0.29) # | 1.22–2.38 |
Information: official sites | 2.17 (0.99) | 0.88–5.34 | 0.81 (0.17) | 0.54–1.21 | 1.31 (0.52) | 0.59–2.86 |
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Michel-Kabamba, N.; Ngatu, N.R.; Leon-Kabamba, N.; Katumbo-Mukemo, A.; Mukuku, O.; Ngoyi-Mukonkole, J.; Ngoie-Mwamba, G.; Kilolo-Ngoie, E.; Bwana-Kangulu, I.; Kafusthi-Mukemo, D.; et al. Occupational COVID-19 Prevention among Congolese Healthcare Workers: Knowledge, Practices, PPE Compliance, and Safety Imperatives. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2021, 6, 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6010006
Michel-Kabamba N, Ngatu NR, Leon-Kabamba N, Katumbo-Mukemo A, Mukuku O, Ngoyi-Mukonkole J, Ngoie-Mwamba G, Kilolo-Ngoie E, Bwana-Kangulu I, Kafusthi-Mukemo D, et al. Occupational COVID-19 Prevention among Congolese Healthcare Workers: Knowledge, Practices, PPE Compliance, and Safety Imperatives. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2021; 6(1):6. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichel-Kabamba, Nzaji, Nlandu Roger Ngatu, Ngombe Leon-Kabamba, Astrid Katumbo-Mukemo, Olivier Mukuku, Jean Ngoyi-Mukonkole, Guillaume Ngoie-Mwamba, Elie Kilolo-Ngoie, Ignace Bwana-Kangulu, Dora Kafusthi-Mukemo, and et al. 2021. "Occupational COVID-19 Prevention among Congolese Healthcare Workers: Knowledge, Practices, PPE Compliance, and Safety Imperatives" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 6, no. 1: 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6010006
APA StyleMichel-Kabamba, N., Ngatu, N. R., Leon-Kabamba, N., Katumbo-Mukemo, A., Mukuku, O., Ngoyi-Mukonkole, J., Ngoie-Mwamba, G., Kilolo-Ngoie, E., Bwana-Kangulu, I., Kafusthi-Mukemo, D., Banza-Ndala, D. B., Kabila-Mutombo, D., Balela-Kabasu, M.-C., Kanyiki-Katala, M., Syed-Mahfuz, A. H., Murakami, A., Kanda, K., Mashima, Y., Oscar-Luboya, N., & Hirao, T. (2021). Occupational COVID-19 Prevention among Congolese Healthcare Workers: Knowledge, Practices, PPE Compliance, and Safety Imperatives. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 6(1), 6. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed6010006