Next Article in Journal
Limited Spectroscopy Data and Machine Learning for Detection of Zika Virus Infection in Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes
Next Article in Special Issue
Spatial Risk Factors of Vector-Borne Diseases in Pacific Island Countries and Territories: A Scoping Review
Previous Article in Journal
Evaluation of Performance of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Interferon-Gamma-Inducible Protein 10 (IP-10) as Screening for Active Tuberculosis
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
TropicalMed
Volume 10
Issue 11
10.3390/tropicalmed10110307
tropicalmed-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

High-Resolution Geospatial Analysis of Dengue Vulnerability in Urban and Rural Areas of San Luis Potosí, Mexico

by
Darío Gaytán Hernández
1,
Daniel Sánchez Hernández
2,
Luis Eduardo Hernández Ibarra
1,*,
Enrique Ibarra Zapata
3,
Omar Parra Rodríguez
4,
Verónica Gallegos García
1,
Omar Medina de la Cruz
1 and
Marisol Gallegos García
5
1
Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Av. Niño Artillero #130, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78240, SLP, Mexico
2
Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Av. Industrias #101-A, Workshop Subdivision, San Luis Potosí 78240, SLP, Mexico
3
Faculty of Agronomy, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Km. 14.5 Carretera San Luis Potosí, Matehuala, Ejido Palma de la Cruz, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez 78321, SLP, Mexico
4
Environmental Agenda, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Dr. Manuel Nava #221, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78397, SLP, Mexico
5
Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava #304, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78240, SLP, Mexico
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2025, 10(11), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10110307
Submission received: 12 September 2025 / Revised: 16 October 2025 / Accepted: 16 October 2025 / Published: 28 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spatial Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases in the Context of Changing Climate)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Objective: The aim was to analyze the temporal evolution and spatial distribution of classic and hemorrhagic dengue in the Mexican state of San Luis Potosí at the basic geostatistical area (BGA) level and to develop multivariate models to estimate the population’s degree of vulnerability. Methodology: Classic and hemorrhagic dengue cases for 2015–2020 were obtained from the Mexican Ministry of Health, georeferenced at the pixel level, and subsequently grouped by BGA. Environmental, proximity, and social variables were obtained from official sites: IMTA, SMN, USGS, and INEGI. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed using PASW Statistics v. 18 software to estimate the degree of vulnerability, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to validate them. Results: A total of 125, 128, 109, 624, 1580, and 1817 dengue cases were identified for 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020, respectively. The major factors contributing to the vulnerability of classic dengue fever included population, temperature, and distance to agricultural areas. For hemorrhagic dengue, the contributing factors were temperature, population, and mean annual rainfall. Vulnerability prediction was determined by taking the area under the curve values, which were 0.957 for classic dengue fever and 0.930 for hemorrhagic dengue, both indicating a “very good ability” to predict. Conclusions: These results can be used to design and implement targeted strategies, particularly for modifiable factors, such as prevention measures directed towards populated areas and the improvement of sewage systems, in addition to non-modifiable factors, such as temperature and rainfall. This method can be replicated as an additional tool to address this public health issue.
Keywords: dengue virus; receiver operating characteristic curve; spatial analysis; geographic information system; risk factors dengue virus; receiver operating characteristic curve; spatial analysis; geographic information system; risk factors

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Gaytán Hernández, D.; Sánchez Hernández, D.; Hernández Ibarra, L.E.; Ibarra Zapata, E.; Parra Rodríguez, O.; Gallegos García, V.; Medina de la Cruz, O.; Gallegos García, M. High-Resolution Geospatial Analysis of Dengue Vulnerability in Urban and Rural Areas of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2025, 10, 307. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10110307

AMA Style

Gaytán Hernández D, Sánchez Hernández D, Hernández Ibarra LE, Ibarra Zapata E, Parra Rodríguez O, Gallegos García V, Medina de la Cruz O, Gallegos García M. High-Resolution Geospatial Analysis of Dengue Vulnerability in Urban and Rural Areas of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2025; 10(11):307. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10110307

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gaytán Hernández, Darío, Daniel Sánchez Hernández, Luis Eduardo Hernández Ibarra, Enrique Ibarra Zapata, Omar Parra Rodríguez, Verónica Gallegos García, Omar Medina de la Cruz, and Marisol Gallegos García. 2025. "High-Resolution Geospatial Analysis of Dengue Vulnerability in Urban and Rural Areas of San Luis Potosí, Mexico" Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 10, no. 11: 307. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10110307

APA Style

Gaytán Hernández, D., Sánchez Hernández, D., Hernández Ibarra, L. E., Ibarra Zapata, E., Parra Rodríguez, O., Gallegos García, V., Medina de la Cruz, O., & Gallegos García, M. (2025). High-Resolution Geospatial Analysis of Dengue Vulnerability in Urban and Rural Areas of San Luis Potosí, Mexico. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 10(11), 307. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10110307

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop